Strategy & Operations

It’s no secret that the pandemic created a level of economic uncertainty that makes it incredibly tricky for lenders to understand their risk on a customer-by-customer basis, and therefore its impact on decision management. It’s no wonder they’re uncertain; the customers themselves are just as unsure. According to the Global Decisioning Report 2021, one out of every three consumers worldwide are still concerned about their finances even as the second anniversary of the COVID-19 outbreak approaches. While some consumers were able to easily work from home during the pandemic, others suffered job losses, cut wages, or increased expenses due to lost childcare or having to care for a loved one. As the impact of the pandemic continues to be felt – especially as government support programs begin to conclude – financial institutions will have to figure out how to navigate the uneven recovery. By leveraging advanced data and analytics, financial institutions can better understand their risk and improve their decision management. In turn, many financial institutions are creating predictive models to target their best customers and reduce exposure to unnecessary risk. However, a model is not always the end-all, be-all solution for reducing risk. Here’s why: a model requires of the right data in order to work effectively. If there isn't a data sample over a long enough time frame, the risk of creating blind spots that can leave businesses on the hook for unexpected losses can be high. Also, there will always be the need for a strategy even with a custom model. A global financial institution likely has more than enough data to create accurate, powerful custom models. However, financial institutions like local or regional credit unions or fintechs simply don't have enough customer data points to power a model. In addition, many outsourced model developers lack the specific financial industry domain expertise required to tweak their models in a way that accounts for the nuances of regulations and credit data. Finally, the pandemic continues to change the economic picture for customers by the minute, which can make a model designed for today outdated tomorrow. When a strategy makes more sense For many financial institutions, it can make more sense to focus on building out a decision management strategy instead of leveraging custom models. While a model can provide a score, it can’t tell you what to do with it. By focusing on a decision management strategy, you can leverage other information and attributes about different customer segments to inform actions and decisions. In an ideal world, of course, the choice wouldn't exist between a model and a strategy. Each has an important role to play, and each makes the work of the other more effective. However, strategy is often the smart place to start when beginning an analytics journey. The benefits of starting with strategy include: Adaptability: A strategy is much easier to change than a model. While models often have rigorous governance standards, a strategy can be adapted with relatively little compliance impact. This helps businesses adapt to changes in goals, vision, or shifts in the marketplace in a bid to attract the ideal customer. In a world that changes by the day, the ability to adjust risk tolerance on the fly is crucial. Speed: A custom model can take weeks or even months to build, test, deploy, and optimize. As a result, this can put businesses behind in analytics transformation while leaving them unnecessarily exposed to risk. On the other hand, a strategy can be developed and deployed in a relatively rapid manner, and then adapted on an ongoing basis to reflect the realities on the ground. Consistency: A strategy helps drive improvement across operations by allowing team members to ‘sing from the same songbook,’. In smaller organizations where work is still done manually by a handful of people, a strategy allows for automated processes like underwriting so businesses can scale decisioning. Strategy or model? Three questions to consider Do you need a strategy or a model? Again, in an ideal world the answer is ‘both’ due to the unique role each plays, but in the real world it depends on the institution. Here are three questions to ask in order to determine where to focus time and resources: “How different are the people I am lending to than the national average?” If the institution is lending to segments that look just like everyone else, leveraging existing third-party data sources will allow the use of generic models. In this case, the focus would be on using those generic models to power the strategy. However, for businesses that serve a niche population, a national average might skew results; in this case, it may make more sense to build a custom model. “What is my sample size?” Take a close look at the number of applications coming in each month, quarter, or year. In addition, compare it to periods dating back years to understand growth rates. This will indicate the if the data inflow required exists to power a custom model. Don’t forget to analyze how many of those applications eventually become delinquent; because some smaller financial institutions have conservative policies, they may have low delinquency rates. While this is good for the institution’s bottom line, it can make it difficult to build a model that will be able to detect future delinquencies. Therefore, even a large application sample size might not have enough variance to create an accurate custom model. “What are my long-term future goals?” This is the most difficult question to sometimes answer, as many financial institutions remain focused on navigating today’s challenges. As market conditions change, goals naturally adapt. That said, some goals might require custom models in order to effectively achieve the business vision. For example, if the plan is to enter new markets, create new partnerships, or offer new products that are different than what has been done in the past, a custom model could provide a more accurate understanding of potential risk. Our research also shows that nearly half of businesses report that they are dedicating resources to enhancing their analytics, with one-third of businesses planning on rebuilding their models from scratch. Rapid changes in consumer needs and desires means there’s less confidence in consumer risk management analytics models that are based on yesterday’s customer understanding. By focusing on a decisioning strategy, businesses can be empowered to effectively leverage analytics today to take action while creating a steppingstone for more sophisticated model-based analytics tomorrow. Stay in the know with our latest research and insights:

One of the most exciting things about financial services innovation is our growing ability to deliver personalized customer experiences. For example, consider a customer who enters a shopping center during the holiday season. By leveraging decisioning software, lenders can proactively offer that customer more credit—in real-time. The person has the financial ability to get what they need and doesn't have to experience a rejected transaction based on previous credit availability. What's behind such personalized offers? They are powered by the latest data—information that goes far beyond traditional credit ratings and references. For the holiday shopper, that may include geolocalization and behavior data that project a customer's likelihood of reaching a credit limit while shopping. The information empowers lenders to provide that personalized experience at the exact right time. But to make that possible, the data must be interoperable across systems, analytical and operational environments, and third-party data providers. Looking ahead, the financial service companies that enable this interoperability will be able to innovate faster, compete better, and scale their personalization to ultimately win more business. Why interoperability matters Our most recent Global Decisioning Research Report denotes consumers' evolving expectations and the increasingly vital role data and analytics play in meeting their needs. Financial service companies must leverage data to understand customer circumstances better, changing risk profiles and emerging credit needs, especially as we move out of the pandemic. Indeed the right data can help lenders support customers across their entire journey. But utilizing data to improve the customer experience is not as straightforward as it seems. The amount and diversity of the data available are huge. And the data required to power personalized products and experiences are not always readily accessible, well-formed, or high quality. As a result, data integration projects often take longer and cost more than many financial service companies anticipate. Legacy systems add to the complexity and expense. The evolving open standards for data interoperability are helping alleviate some of these challenges. But companies still need to determine which standards and platforms to use. Selecting the right ones can accelerate innovation and prevent expensive stops, starts, and detours down the road. Cultivating a healthy ecosystem The good news is that these challenges are surmountable. The first step is to understand where your organization is in its data interoperability journey. Then you can create a strategy that makes data-based innovation easier, faster, and more cost-effective. For example, consider: Prioritizing industry-leading open standards for interoperability. Requiring CSV and JSON data formats is smart; both are currently ubiquitous across the industry. Using standard APIs to share data. For example, Rest APIs using Swagger provide a description of the API, the data and facilitate the discoverability and use of the API. Exploring API aggregation services and marketplace platforms. These make it easy for developers to add services and for your organization to put them to use. Leveraging low-code data integration tooling. This helps you remove data silos and empower staff to navigate older, traditional data integration methods until they evolve to use open standards. These actions can make a significant impact on your company's ability to take advantage of various data sources now, as well as set your organization up for the future. Data meets decisioning Selecting the right decisioning software is a crucial way to facilitate the steps noted above. As you consider decisioning solutions, look for products that allow you to publish and consume data using open APIs and simple visual drag and drop approaches. In addition, evaluate the core data management capabilities of potential solutions, and prioritize those that can natively also support semi-structured data. For instance, applications that allow you to leverage frequently changing data sources ensure that when a source evolves, only the specific areas loading the data are impacted—not the wider solution. Lastly, as mentioned above, solutions that provide lightweight, low-code middleware allow you to leverage third-party data no matter where you’re at in your interoperability journey. Those new sources of data will inform and enhance your customer's experience.   Stay in the know with our latest research and insights:

The pandemic accelerated the number of digital interactions in finance. Typical methods of managing finances, connecting with lenders, and buying goods and services were much harder due to lockdown measures, so consumers went digital, including large numbers of non-digital natives. As the demand for online banking and services has intensified – moving from a necessity to a preference for many - pressure on businesses is twofold. They must rapidly build new and better models to onboard customers and create a more dynamic customer journey. In many markets, doing so is the biggest competitive differentiator right now. Creating a dynamic digital journey and understanding the customer With Millennial customers becoming a bigger influence in the space, organizations were always going to have to plan for a slicker and quicker digital customer experience to keep up with expectations. The pandemic simply accelerated this, forcing businesses to rapidly react. In fact, although 9 in 10 businesses have a digital customer journey strategy, 49% of those businesses only put this in place as Covid-19 began according to research in our Global Decisioning Report 2021. This did help them improve in some areas, including access to quicker customer service responses online. But without the right technology in place, it is not surprising that 55% of customers surveyed said they expect more from their digital experiences. Such a rapid shift has exposed weaknesses around agility, leaving traditional institutions trailing Fintech competitors further down the digital transformation road. However, whilst Fintechs have the benefits of agility, traditional, established lenders have large amounts of customer data from which they can target and tailor existing customer journeys more effectively. Improve the digital onboarding process Optimizing the digital experience for new customers from the beginning encourages usage and, ultimately, loyalty. A stress-free and fast onboarding process is an expectation for the younger generation but can also capture the ‘new to digital’ group migrating online. Bio-metric recognition technology, instant document verification, and auto-filling customer data are far more appealing than entering hundreds of data points, and can boost efficiency and reduce friction. The problem is businesses rightly want to make sure they can remove any bad actors to reduce risk and prevent fraud. The key is doing so without disrupting the genuine, low risk customers. Building better models to onboard customers Covid continues to shift population demographics due to factors such as job losses, furlough schemes and migration of workers to alternative sectors. There is also the realization of pent-up demand for property and vehicles, in particular - among those fortunate enough to be less impacted - such as those able to save more as they work from home. This has led to a change in the demand for finance with a need to tailor experiences to specific customer requirements. As the number of credit needs grow, lenders must have a structure in place that allows them to scale and handle the increased volume. New models must also be introduced to allow organizations to access extensive data insights and ensure they are reflecting the ‘new normal’. As businesses move away from sampling towards models that are based on full populations there must be a marriage of technology with data. Data is ultimately captured for the benefit of the lenders, helping them to gauge risk and tackle fraud. But a blended, multi-layered approach in which customers are only asked for the information specific to their individual circumstances – at the appropriate time – can provide a positive and tailored onboarding process. Having solutions in place that combine risk-based authentication, identity proofing, credit risk decisioning and fraud detection into a single platform ensures all checks can be carried out in one place with minimal disruption to the onboarding journey. Putting businesses in first place Online experience and credit and fraud risk management need to be more closely entwined. As the demand for a simple and fast experience intensifies, a digital-first approach that puts businesses ahead of the game must involve embracing the right technology that supports the entire customer journey. Download a copy of the eBook here.   Stay in the know with our latest research and insights:

Getting the most out of your AI investment Work backward from impact - give yourself room to experiment Hire the best data talent and partner with the right provider Take a holistic approach - don't just focus on performance AI allows businesses to process sheer volumes of data and multi-tiered models with extreme speed and efficiency. But, scaling AI to meet shifting business demand can be challenging. Experian's Ascend Intelligence Services expertly partners with organizations to build custom, scalable AI and ML solutions to meet those requirements. Listen to Shri Santhanam advise on how to scale AI

Why digital acceleration has created more opportunities for deepfake fraud tactics like voice cloning and what businesses can do about it Digital acceleration has placed information and services in the hands of the masses, connecting individuals on a global level like never-before, and in turn making them increasingly dependent on devices in their daily lives. The argument for technology as an equalizer in society is a strong one. Most people have a voice and a platform, producing millions of virtual interactions and recordings every day. But in this digital world of relative anonymity, it is difficult to know who is really on the other side of the connection. This uncertainty gives fraudsters an opening to threaten both businesses and consumers directly, especially in the realm of deepfakes. What is a deepfake? Deepfakes are artificially created images, video and audio designed to emulate real human characteristics. Deepfakes use a form of artificial intelligence (AI) called deep learning. A deep learning algorithm can teach itself how to solve problems using large sets of data, swapping out voices and faces where they appear in audio and video. This technology can deliver extraordinary outcomes across accessibility, criminal forensics, and entertainment, but it also allows a way in for cybercriminals that hasn’t existed until now. Deepfake fraud tactics A principal tactic among deepfake fraud is voice cloning – the practice of taking sample snippets of recorded speech from a person and then leveraging AI to understand speech patterns from those samples. Based on those learnings, the modeler can then use AI to apply the cloned voice to new contexts, generating speech that was never spoken by the actual voice owner. For businesses, deepfake tactics such as voice cloning means access to points of vulnerability in authentication processes that can put organizations at risk. Fraudsters may successfully bypass biometric systems to access areas that would otherwise be restricted. For government leaders, it can mean the proliferation of misinformation – a growing area of concern with huge repercussions. For consumers, the risk of falling victim to scams involving access to personal information or funds is particularly high when it comes to voice cloning. How to prevent deepfake fraud 1. Vigilance: Stay on top of sensitive personal information that could be targeted. Fraudsters are always at work, relentlessly seeking out opportunities to take advantage of any loophole or weak spot. Pay close attention to suspicious voice messages or calls that may sound like someone familiar yet feel slightly off. In an era of remote work, it is important to question interactions that can impact business vulnerabilities – could it be a phishing or complex social engineering scam? 2. Machine learning and advanced analytics: Deepfake fraud is an emerging threat, which leverages the development and evolution of the technology that fuels it. The flip side is that businesses can in fact use the same technology against the fraudsters, fighting fire with fire by deploying deepfake detection and analysis. 3. Layered fraud prevention strategy: Leveraging machine learning and advanced analytics to fight deepfake fraud can only be effective within a layered strategy of defense, and most importantly, at the first line of defense. Ensuring that the only people accessing the points of vulnerability are genuine means using identification checks such as verification, device ID and intelligence, behavioral analytics, and document verification simultaneously to counter how fraudsters may deploy or distribute deepfakes within the ecosystem. As with many types of fraud, staying one step ahead of the fraudsters is critical. The technology and the tactics continually evolve, which may make the countermeasures on the table right now obsolete, however the fundamentals of sound risk management, with the right layered approach, and a flexible and dynamic solution set, can mitigate these emerging threats.   Stay in the know with our latest research and insights:

How elite leaders train analytics teams to unearth and convey the highest quality data insights and better manage risk. It's surprising how much of an art the effective use and analysis of qualitative data in the business world truly is. Too often, data scientists are tasked with turning raw data into insights without ever actually being taught the true art of identifying and reporting the most meaningful insights that address the problems at hand. Instead, data teams often produce reams of summarized information without drawing any useful conclusions – falling short of discovering deeper truths hidden within. I've been fortunate to work for, with, and manage data scientists of various titles, abilities, and personalities over the years. I've found that the true "artists" in this profession can combine technical proficiency, tactical communications with an affinity for the science, and excellent detective skills. Objectivity in Data Analysis As Arthur Conan Doyle wrote in Sherlock Holmes says, "I never guess. It is a capital mistake to theorize before one has correct data. Insensibly one begins to twist facts to suit theories, instead of theories to suit facts." As data scientists, we're often sent down a singular path to analyze data to support a narrative. Data is inherently objective; analyzing with subjective intent typically leads to ineffective results when put into practice. However, with the proper guidance, probing questions, and some detective work, scientists can uncover deeper insights leading to effective outcomes in the form of actionable intelligence and forecasts. Early in my career, I was tasked by a business partner to pull data that demonstrated higher customer satisfaction scores for a customer call center. Requests like this – "just get me the data" – are (unfortunately) common. In this case, however, he was open to discussing the "why" behind his ask. As a result, this incident proved a learning opportunity for me on how to satisfy a requirement while simultaneously producing information explicitly valuable to the organization. I've often had to find workable paths through figurative minefields with mandates such as "just get me the data" or "make the numbers work." During this scenario, I diligently asked ancillary questions to build into the data modeling outside the required parameters. I intended to generate value beyond the pre-conceived conclusion I was tasked with finding data for. The resulting report yielded compelling insights, actionable intelligence, and a clear forecasting plan. In this example, it was found that clients had higher satisfaction scores for reasons other than what we initially thought and had nothing to do with the seven million dollars my business partner spent on branding, training, etc. The solution was simple: move a training location. Tactical communication skills were necessary in this scenario as I had to tell my business partner where the efficiency gains were actually coming from and where future budgets could be more effective. Doing so was the catalyst behind an alternative business strategy and focus, resulting in a much more significant impact on our customer relationships. Asking the Right Questions The true purpose of analytics is to discover, interpret, and communicate meaningful patterns in data and the connective tissue between. Most importantly, it exists to aid in effective decision-making within an organization. Under that premise, I teach my teams to be communicative, especially during planning stages and consistently ask questions of the data throughout the analytical process. It's always imperative to identify the specific addressable problems our clients are trying to solve while frequently conversing with them to understand what actions and/or decisions the analysis is meant to inform. This strategy produces more profound results and focuses on solving a problem – not endlessly cycling through various cuts of the same data. As a result, the team will be primed to evaluate results objectively and be ready to dig beyond surface-level data, capturing vital insights hidden deep within. Using the Right Tools Nobody does arithmetic by hand anymore. A data scientist's best friend should be sophisticated model development software that leverages AI and Machine Learning. The efficiency they provide enables us to focus on areas where human intelligence is best applied, such as interpreting model performance within the context of how that model will be used. Elite leaders know how to leverage the right tools to maximize speed and efficiency. Ignoring the sheer processing power of cloud computing and other advancements places your organization at a distinct competitive disadvantage in performance and accuracy. I shudder when thinking about the dark days when it would take six to nine months to develop a new model. It reminds me of watching NASA mathematicians do advance calculations with slide rules in movies like Apollo 13 and Hidden Figures. Strategy optimization is a perfect example; how do I ensure that my portfolio is holistically delivering the highest value within risk constraints? I could grow my portfolio endlessly, but that likely means taking on too much back-end risk. Instead, mathematical optimization can be used to determine the right balance between growth, return, and risk. To do this successfully requires a vast amount of processing power. Gradient boosting, a Machine Learning technique that helps build far more accurate models, is another excellent example of what's possible with modern technology. Some of the operations we perform daily were literally not possible 10-15 years ago as we did not have access to such processing power. Thus, we're able to solve problems not previously solvable. What has also changed is our ability to process volumes of data and highly complicated, multi-tiered models, with extreme speed and efficiency. Organizations don't need to take all of this on, as companies like Experian effectively provide data science services where AI/ML solutions are delivered rapidly and digitally. A well-equipped, efficient, curious, and well-trained data team whose data analysis consistently helps corporate leaders make informed decisions is true art. The answers they provide to challenging business questions is their magnum opus. Read about topics related to this article Stay in the know with our latest research and insights:

Did you miss these August business headlines? We’ve compiled the top global news stories that you need to stay in-the-know on the latest hot topics and insights from our experts. Categorizing Fraud Types is the Key to Addressing Risk Security Magazine's Chris Ryan uses Experian research to break down why businesses need to first identify and understand the individual types of fraud before being in the position to address risk, especially when operating in an increasingly digital age. How To Protect Yourself Against Scammers and Deepfakes In this video, Philip Michael of Bold TV talks to David Britton, VP of Industry Solutions, about what fraud looks like in an AI-driven world, what exactly Deepfakes are, how they can be used in financial scams, and how Experian is using tools like AI and ML to fight back. Today’s Credit Decisioning: Navigating the Current Complexities The science of consumer credit decisioning is complex, writes Harry Singh, SVP of Global Decisioning, for Credit Union Times, but what has the pandemic done to further these complexities? This piece explains why lenders need to rethink existing models and processes to succeed in changing times. Experian Named Top Fraud Prevention Leader in International Analyst Report Research from KuppingerCole lists Experian as an overall leader in fraud reduction intelligence platforms. The research also recognized leadership in product, market and innovation, and across all other categories. Read about why this is important as fraud risks rise. How To Combat Fraudsters As The Digital World Grows In this piece for CEO World, David Britton, VP of Industry Solutions, writes about the relentless nature of fraud and why the goal of fraudsters never changes, and what businesses and individuals must to in the face of an ever-evolving fraud landscape in an increasingly digital world. Stay in the know with our latest research and insights:

In this opinion piece on CEO World, David Britton, VP of Industry Solutions, Global ID & Fraud, discusses why, in today's increasingly digital world, it is much easier for fraudsters to operate on a global scale. As commerce and financial services ramped up their online offerings due to the pandemic, it enabled criminals to take advantage of people in vulnerable situations. There has been a significant shift away from previously prevalent fraud schemes such as account takeover, account opening and card-not-present, towards the direct manipulation of individuals to get to their personal information and payment details. "Not only have they been taking over the world, but fraudsters have been taking advantage of the growing digital environment, and as recent research from Experian found, 55% of consumers say security is the most important factor in their digital experience. It is important for individuals to know what to do to ensure that their information is secure and to have technology to utilize in order to fight against this issue. For both personal and businesses, there are ways to combat the scandals of fraudsters." Business fraud prevention With a focus on ransomware and email compromise, there are many things businesses can do to minimise vulnerability to fraud. A layered approach to defence is key, along with device intelligence and strong employee training. Personal financial fraud Although there is a common misconception that credit card details pose the biggest fraud opportunity, identity theft is by far the one to watch for consumers today. Fraudsters can use personal information for credit or payments. "Businesses must invest in new technologies in order to give people the added security they desire when accessing their accounts. In fact, according to our most recent Global Identity & Fraud Report, consumers no longer believe passwords are the most secure method for authentication. Since the pandemic, consumers have an increasing level of comfort and preference for physical and behavior-based – or invisible – methods of security." Read the full article Stay in the know with our latest insights:

Fraud has been exacerbated by the Covid pandemic, and with total cybercrime costs set to reach $10.5 trillion by 2025 according to Cybersecurity Ventures*, many businesses are looking to protect themselves and their customers from fraudsters. As the world moves further towards digital interactions across services and eCommerce, new fraud targets are emerging, and although financial services are more accustomed to these attacks compared with new targets, they are still favorites among the criminals. KuppingerCole's Leadership Compass report on fraud reduction intelligence platforms, highlights Experian as a leader across product, innovation and market. *Cybersercurity Ventures

The pandemic has impacted everyone differently. With consumers emerging from the crisis with very different credit needs, we take a look at how lenders can navigate an uneven economic recovery when it comes to credit risk decisioning.  Download the full Global Decisioning Report: Navigating a new era of credit risk decisioning.

A recent industry-leading analyst report looking at loan origination solutions found that lenders are experiencing high volumes of new loan applications, but many are struggling to process them. This alongside increased consumer demand for improved digital experience, and a shifting credit landscape means lenders are trying transform both to keep operating costs down and meet the needs of a changing market. This tracks closely to findings from our Global Decisioning Report 2021. We look at what is changing, and how the Now Tech: Loan Origination Solutions report advises lenders to move forward. Consumers went online, and have high expectations of the digital experience The pandemic shut down banking and retail locations around the world. Amidst the lockdown, consumers turned online to manage finances, connect with lenders, and buy essential goods and services. The crisis especially accelerated digital adoption for older consumers and created a new digital imperative for lenders wanting to meet customers’ evolving needs. The rise of self-service and new payment methods There was also an increase in the already growing demand for digital self-service in terms of applying for credit and seeking out repayment support. Consumers expect to be able to apply for credit when and where they need it, often using a mobile-friendly device. In return for convenience and security, consumers report that they’re more willing to provide additional personal data. Timely, meaningful credit and repayment offers, convenient interactions, and improved communication with lenders make the exchange worth it. The convenience of digital channels is also creating the opportunity for new payment methods, such as subscription models and Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL). Both are occurring across a range of products and services, from cars to clothes to beauty essentials. Our Global Decisioning Report found that 27% of consumers reported purchasing products using BNPL programs. Traditional lenders will need to consider the needs that the emerging BNPL market meets. This includes making purchases easier for consumers by providing increased payment flexibility. APIs, security, integration, and explainable AI According to the Now Tech report, lenders should look for solutions that allow access to data via APIs for credit decisioning, have strong data security and privacy practices, integrate with third-party technology products and services, and leverage explainable AI for underwriting. Allowing lenders to acquire customers digitally is key, and loan origination solutions provide a digital portal that can be accessed across devices and which supports real-time customer input, document uploads, data aggregation and analysis, and digital signatures. Want to read the full 2021 Global Decisioning Report?

Financial institutions have long been dependent on technology for business operations, resulting in a long history of tech additions, upgrades and vendors. Changes made to legacy IT systems can not only impact customers, but in many cases, the economy too. Often these systems feel safe and familiar, so it can be a difficult choice to make a change. However, over the last year the pandemic has highlighted the need for agility within the market. Responding to changing customer needs in an increasingly digital environment is number one priority. What do we mean by legacy tech? The term legacy tech has a lot of negative connotations. It refers to a set of computer systems, software and technologies that can no longer be maintained or easily updated. The system could be out of support or in extended support. Integration becomes a challenge because different technologies have accumulated over the lifespan of the business, and the associated support levers around it are all different. There is also the challenge of finding the skills to maintain these systems – in-house or outsourced from providers. Maintenance costs can be high – security and resilience test costs will add to this, while performance will drop with the increasing need for work-arounds. Upgrades can be complex, expensive or even impossible on legacy systems, generating extra costs. Financial institutions create their own legacy systems when they start integrating various data sets from different sources. It can happen when the business grows to new locations, new lines of product, extended consumer services, while using different tech from different vendors. Cloud as an enabler for business transformation From the moment code is written and deployed, it becomes legacy. Cloud integration allows for daily code releases and automated upgrades meaning that businesses are constantly adjusting and responding to client needs, regulation and strategic changes. They can instead focus on their business model and innovation, staying relevant and up to date. Budget is directed towards improvements and innovation instead of maintaining the legacy tech. It brings an interesting level of agility, with the ability to respond to the market much more quickly and effectively. How cloud can benefit the customer Cloud-based services have allowed banks to revolutionize onboarding processes and timescales. Processes like KYC (Know Your Customer) can be carried out by partners for a fast and efficient experience. Throughout the lifecycle of a customer, banks can leverage third parties for every part of the journey and ultimately improve customer experience. Beyond the onboarding process, the entire customer lifecycle, from originations to collections, can be transformed by removing friction and using AI to create interest, and ML to make decisions for quick results. Experian has partnered with Open Banking Expo TV to produce a series on Cloud-based solutions. Sign up to watch. Related content