All posts by Julie Lee

In today's fast-paced digital world, the risk of fraud across all industries is a constant threat. The traditional methods of fraud detection are no longer sufficient, as fraudsters become increasingly sophisticated in their attacks. However, with artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) solutions, financial institutions can stay one step ahead of fraudsters. AI and machine learning-equipped fraud detection tools have the ability to identify suspicious activity and patterns of fraud that are imperceptible to the human brain. In this blog post, we’ll dive into the significance of AI and machine learning in fraud detection and how these solutions are uniquely equipped to handle the demands of modern-day risk management. Understanding artificial intelligence and machine learning AI and machine learning solutions are transformative technologies that are reshaping the landscape of many industries. AI, at its core, is a field of computer science that simulates human intelligence in machines, enabling them to learn from experience and perform tasks that normally require human intellect. Machine learning, a subset of AI, is the science of getting computers to learn and act like humans do, but with minimal human intervention. They can analyze vast amounts of data within seconds, identifying patterns and trends that would be impossible for a human to recognize. When it comes to fraud detection, this ability is invaluable.  Advantages of fraud detection using machine learning AI and machine learning have several benefits that make them valuable in fraud detection. One significant advantage is that these technologies can recognize patterns that are too complex for humans to identify. By running through a vast set of data points, these solutions can pinpoint anomalous behavior, and thereby prevent financial losses. AI analytics tools are adept at monitoring complex networks, detecting the dispersion of attacks that may involve multiple individuals and entities, and correlating activity patterns that would otherwise be hidden. Machine learning algorithms can take these patterns and turn them into mathematical models that help identify instances of fraud before the damage takes place. Secondly, they continuously learn from new data, which allows them to become more efficient in identifying fraud as they process more data. Thirdly, they automate fraud mitigation processes, which significantly reduces the need for manual interventions that may consume valuable time and resources. Another significant benefit of machine learning is its analytics capabilities, which allow organizations to gain valuable insights into customer behavior and fraud patterns. With AI analytics, they can detect and investigate fraudulent activities in real-time, and combine it with other tools to help detect and mitigate fraud risk. For example, in financial services, AI fraud detection can help banks and financial service providers detect and prevent fraud in their systems, add value to their services and improve customer satisfaction. The future of fraud detection and machine learning The rate at which technology is evolving means that machine learning and AI fraud detection will become increasingly important in the future. In the next few years, we can expect a more sophisticated level of fraud detection using unmanned machine systems, robotics process automation, and more. Ultimately, this will improve the efficiency and effectiveness of fraud detection. AI-based fraud management solutions are taking center stage. Organizations must leverage advanced machine learning and AI analytics solutions to prevent and mitigate cyber risks and comply with regulatory mandates. The benefits extend far beyond the financial bottom line to improving the safety and security of customers. AI and machine learning solutions offer accurate, efficient and proactive routes to managing the risk of fraud in an ever-changing environment. How can Experian® help Integrating machine learning for fraud detection represents a significant advancement in cybersecurity. Fraud management solutions detect, prevent and manage fraud across all industries, including financial services, healthcare and telecommunications. With the advancement of technology, fraud management solutions now integrate machine learning to improve their processes. Experian® provides fraud prevention solutions, including machine learning models and AI analytics, which can help more effectively mitigate fraud risk, streamline fraud investigations and create a more secure digital environment for all. With Experian’s AI analytics, risk mitigation tools and fraud management solutions, organizations can stay one step ahead of fraudsters and protect their brand reputation, customer trustworthiness and corporate data. Embracing these solutions can save organizations from significant losses, reputational damage and regulatory scrutiny. To learn more about how to future-proof your business and safeguard your customers from fraud, check out Experian’s robust suite of fraud prevention solutions. Want to hear what our industry experts think? Check out this on-demand webinar on artificial intelligence and machine learning strategies. Learn more Watch webinar *This article includes content created by an AI language model and is intended to provide general information.

With great risk comes great reward, as the saying goes. But when it comes to business, there's huge value in reducing and managing that risk as much as possible to maximize benefits — and profits. In today's high-tech strategic landscape, financial institutions and other organizations are increasingly using risk modeling to map out potential scenarios and gain a clearer understanding of where various paths may lead. But what are risk models really, and how can you ensure you're creating and using them correctly in a way that actually helps you optimize decision-making? Here, we explore the details. What is a risk model? A risk model is a representation of a particular situation that's created specifically for the purpose of assessing risk. That risk model is then used to evaluate the potential impacts of different decisions, paths and events. From assigning interest rates and amortization terms to deciding whether to begin operating in a new market, risk models are a safe way to analyze data, test assumptions and visualize potential scenarios. Risk models are particularly valuable in the credit industry. Credit risk models and credit risk analytics allow lenders to evaluate the pluses and minuses of lending to clients in specific ways. They are able to consider the larger economic environment, as well as relevant factors on a micro level. By integrating risk models into their decision-making process, lenders can refine credit offerings to fit the assessed risk of a particular situation. It goes like this: a team of risk management experts builds a model that brings together comprehensive datasets and risk modeling tools that incorporate mathematics, statistics and machine learning. This predictive modeling tool uses advanced algorithmic techniques to analyze data, identify patterns and make forecasts about future outcomes. Think of it as a crystal ball — but with science behind it. Your team can then use this risk model for a wide range of applications: refining marketing targets, reworking product offerings or reshaping business strategies. How can risk models be implemented? Risk models consolidate and utilize a wide variety of data sets, historical benchmarks and qualitative inputs to model risk and allow business leaders to test assumptions and visualize the potential results of various decisions and events. Implementing risk modeling means creating models of systems that allow you to adjust variables to imitate real-world situations and see what the results might be. A mortgage lender, for example, needs to be able to predict the effects of external and internal policies and decisions. By creating a risk model, they can test how scenarios such as falling interest rates, rising unemployment or a shift in loan acceptance rates might affect their business — and make moves to adjust their strategies accordingly. One aspect of risk modeling that can't be underestimated is the importance of good data, both quantitative and qualitative. Efforts to implement or expand risk modeling should begin with refining your data governance strategy. Maximizing the full potential of your data also requires integrating data quality solutions into your operations in order to ensure that the building blocks of your risk model are as accurate and thorough as possible. It's also important to ensure your organization has sufficient model risk governance in place. No model is perfect, and each comes with its own risks. But these risks can be mitigated with the right set of policies and procedures, some of which are part of regulatory compliance. With a comprehensive model risk management strategy, including processes like back testing, benchmarking, sensitivity analysis and stress testing, you can ensure your risk models are working for your organization — not opening you up to more risk. How can risk modeling be used in the credit industry? Risk modeling isn't just for making credit decisions. For instance, you might model the risk of opening or expanding operations in an underserved country or the costs and benefits of existing one that is underperforming. In information technology, a critical branch of virtually every modern organization, risk modeling helps security teams evaluate the risk of malicious attacks. Banking and financial services is one industry for which understanding and planning for risk is key — not only for business reasons but to align with relevant regulations. The mortgage lender mentioned above, for example, might use credit risk models to better predict risk, enhance the customer journey and ensure transparency and compliance. It's important to highlight that risk modeling is a guide, not a prophecy. Datasets can contain flaws or gaps, and human error can happen at any stage.. It's also possible to rely too heavily on historical information — and while they do say that history repeats itself, they don't mean it repeats itself exactly. That's especially true in the presence of novel challenges, like the rise of artificial intelligence. Making the best use of risk modeling tools involves not just optimizing software and data but using expert insight to interpret predictions and recommendations so that decision-making comes from a place of breadth and depth. Why are risk models important for banks and financial institutions? In the world of credit, optimizing risk assessment has clear ramifications when meeting overall business objectives. By using risk modeling to better understand your current and potential clients, you are positioned to offer the right credit products to the right audience and take action to mitigate risk. When it comes to portfolio risk management, having adequate risk models in place is paramount to meet targets. And not only does implementing quality portfolio risk analytics help maximize sales opportunities, but it can also help you identify risk proactively to avoid costly mistakes down the road. Risk mitigation tools are a key component of any risk modeling strategy and can help you maintain compliance, expose potential fraud, maximize the value of your portfolio and create a better overall customer experience. Advanced risk modeling techniques In the realm of risk modeling, the integration of advanced techniques like machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing how financial institutions assess and manage risk. These technologies enhance the predictive power of risk models by allowing for more complex data processing and pattern recognition than traditional statistical methods. Machine learning in risk modeling: ML algorithms can process vast amounts of unstructured data — such as market trends, consumer behavior and economic indicators — to identify patterns that may not be visible to human analysts. For instance, ML can be used to model credit risk by analyzing a borrower’s transaction history, social media activities and other digital footprints to predict their likelihood of default beyond traditional credit scoring methods. Artificial intelligence in decisioning: AI can automate the decisioning process in risk management by providing real-time predictions and risk assessments. AI systems can be trained to make decisions based on historical data and can adjust those decisions as they learn from new data. This capability is particularly useful in credit underwriting where AI algorithms can make rapid decisions based on market conditions. Financial institutions looking to leverage these advanced techniques must invest in robust data infrastructure, skilled personnel who can bridge the gap between data science and financial expertise, and continuous monitoring systems to ensure the models perform as expected while adhering to regulatory standards. Challenges in risk model validation Validating risk models is crucial for ensuring they function appropriately and comply with regulatory standards. Validation involves verifying both the theoretical foundations of a model and its practical implementation. Key challenges in model validation: Model complexity: As risk models become more complex, incorporating elements like ML and AI, they become harder to validate. Complex models can behave in unpredictable ways, making it difficult to understand why they are making certain decisions (the so-called "black box" issue). Data quality and availability: Effective validation requires high-quality, relevant data. Issues with data completeness, accuracy or relevance can lead to incorrect model validations. Regulatory compliance: With regulations continually evolving, keeping risk models compliant can be challenging. Different jurisdictions may have varying requirements, adding to the complexity of validation processes. Best practices: Regular reviews: Continuous monitoring and periodic reviews help ensure that models remain accurate over time and adapt to changing market conditions. Third-party audits: Independent reviews by external experts can provide an unbiased assessment of the risk model’s performance and compliance. These practices help institutions maintain the reliability and integrity of their risk models, ensuring that they continue to function as intended and comply with regulatory requirements. Read more: Blog post: What is model governance? How Experian can help Risk is inherent to business, and there's no avoiding it entirely. But integrating credit risk modeling into your operations can ensure stability and profitability in a rapidly evolving business landscape. Start with Experian's credit modeling services, which use expansive data, analytical expertise and the latest credit risk modeling methodologies to better predict risk and accelerate growth. Learn more *This article includes content created by an AI language model and is intended to provide general information.

Model governance is growing increasingly important as more companies implement machine learning model deployment and AI analytics solutions into their decision-making processes. Models are used by institutions to influence business decisions and identify risks based on data analysis and forecasting. While models do increase business efficiency, they also bring their own set of unique risks. Robust model governance can help mitigate these concerns, while still maintaining efficiency and a competitive edge. What is model governance? Model governance refers to the framework your organization has in place for overseeing how you manage your development, model deployment, validation and usage.1 This can involve policies like who has access to your models, how they are tested, how new versions are rolled out or how they are monitored for accuracy and bias.2 Because models analyze data and hypotheses to make predictions, there's inherent uncertainty in their forecasts.3 This uncertainty can sometimes make them vulnerable to errors, which makes robust governance so important. Machine learning model governance in banks, for example, might include internal controls, audits, a thorough inventory of models, proper documentation, oversight and ensuring transparent policies and procedures. One significant part of model governance is ensuring your business complies with federal regulations. The Federal Reserve Board and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) have published guidance protocols for how models are developed, implemented and used. Financial institutions that utilize models must ensure their internal policies are consistent with these regulations. The OCC requirements for financial institutions include: Model validations at least once a year Critical review by an independent party Proper model documentation Risk assessment of models' conceptual soundness, intended performance and comparisons to actual outcomes Vigorous validation procedures that mitigate risk Why is model governance important — especially now? More and more organizations are implementing AI, machine learning and analytics into their models. This means that in order to keep up with the competition's efficiency and accuracy, your business may need complex models as well. But as these models become more sophisticated, so does the need for robust governance.3 Undetected model errors can lead to financial loss, reputation damage and a host of other serious issues. These errors can be introduced at any point from design to implementation or even after deployment via inappropriate usage of the model, drift or other issues. With model governance, your organization can understand the intricacies of all the variables that can affect your models' results, controlling production closely with even greater efficiency and accuracy. Some common issues that model governance monitors for include:2 Testing for drift to ensure that accuracy is maintained over time. Ensuring models maintain accuracy if deployed in new locations or new demographics. Providing systems to continuously audit models for speed and accuracy. Identifying biases that may unintentionally creep into the model as it analyzes and learns from data. Ensuring transparency that meets federal regulations, rather than operating within a black box. Good model governance includes documentation that explains data sources and how decisions are reached. Model governance use cases Below are just three examples of use cases for model governance that can aid in advanced analytics solutions. Credit scoring A credit risk score can be used to help banks determine the risks of loans (and whether certain loans are approved at all). Governance can catch biases early, such as unintentionally only accepting lower credit scores from certain demographics. Audits can also catch biases for the bank that might result in a qualified applicant not getting a loan they should. Interest rate risk Governance can catch if a model is making interest rate errors, such as determining that a high-risk account is actually low-risk or vice versa. Sometimes changing market conditions, like a pandemic or recession, can unintentionally introduce errors into interest rate data analysis that governance will catch. Security challenges One department in a company might be utilizing a model specifically for their demographic to increase revenue, but if another department used the same model, they might be violating regulatory compliance.4 Governance can monitor model security and usage, ensuring compliance is maintained. Why Experian? Experian® provides risk mitigation tools and objective and comprehensive model risk management expertise that can help your company implement custom models, achieve robust governance and comply with any relevant federal regulations. In addition, Experian can provide customized modeling services that provide unique analytical insights to ensure your models are tailored to your specific needs. Experian's model risk governance services utilize business consultants with tenured experience who can provide expert independent, third-party reviews of your model risk management practices. Key services include: Back-testing and benchmarking: Experian validates performance and accuracy, including utilizing statistical metrics that compare your model's performance to previous years and industry benchmarks. Sensitivity analysis: While all models have some degree of uncertainty, Experian helps ensure your models still fall within the expected ranges of stability. Stress testing: Experian's experts will perform a series of characteristic-level stress tests to determine sensitivity to small changes and extreme changes. Gap analysis and action plan: Experts will provide a comprehensive gap analysis report with best-practice recommendations, including identifying discrepancies with regulatory requirements. Traditionally, model governance can be time-consuming and challenging, with numerous internal hurdles to overcome. Utilizing Experian's business intelligence and analytics solutions, alongside its model risk management expertise, allows clients to seamlessly pass requirements and experience accelerated implementation and deployment. Experian can optimize your model governance Experian is committed to helping you optimize your model governance and risk management. Learn more here. References 1Model Governance," Open Risk Manual, accessed September 29, 2023. https://www.openriskmanual.org/wiki/Model_Governance2Lorica, Ben, Doddi, Harish, and Talby, David. "What Are Model Governance and Model Operations?" O'Reilly, June 19, 2019. https://www.oreilly.com/radar/what-are-model-governance-and-model-operations/3"Comptroller's Handbook: Model Risk Management," Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. August 2021. https://www.occ.treas.gov/publications-and-resources/publications/comptrollers-handbook/files/model-risk-management/pub-ch-model-risk.pdf4Doddi, Harish. "What is AI Model Governance?" Forbes. August 2, 2021. https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2021/08/02/what-is-ai-model-governance/?sh=5f85335f15cd

From science fiction-worthy image generators to automated underwriting, artificial intelligence (AI), big data sets and advances in computing power are transforming how we play and work. While the focus in the lending space has often been on improving the AI models that analyze data, the data that feeds into the models is just as important. Enter: data-centric AI. What is a data-centric AI? Dr. Andrew Ng, a leader in the AI field, advocates for data-centric AI and is often credited with coining the term. According to Dr. Ng, data-centric AI is, ‘the discipline of systematically engineering the data used to build an AI system.’1 To break down the definition, think of AI systems as a combination of code and data. The code is the model or algorithm that analyzes data to produce a result. The data is the information you use to train the model or later feed into the model to request a result. Traditional approaches to AI focus on the code — the models. Multiple organizations download and use the same data sets to create and improve models. But today, continued focus on model development may offer a limited return in certain industries and use cases. A data-centric AI approach focuses on developing tools and practices that improve the data. You may still need to pay attention to model development but no longer treat the data as constant. Instead, you try to improve a model's performance by increasing data quality. This can be achieved in different ways, such as using more consistent labeling, removing noisy data and collecting additional data.2 Data-centric AI isn't just about improving data quality when you build a model — it's also part of the ongoing iterative process. The data-focused approach should continue during post-deployment model monitoring and maintenance. Data-centric AI in lending Organizations in multiple industries are exploring how a data-centric approach can help them improve model performance, fairness and business outcomes. For example, lenders that take a data-centric approach to underwriting may be able to expand their lending universe, drive growth and fulfill financial inclusion goals without taking on additional risk. Conventional credit scoring models have been trained on consumer credit bureau data for decades. New versions of these models might offer increased performance because they incorporate changes in the economic landscape, consumer behavior and advances in analytics. And some new models are built with a more data-centric approach that considers additional data points from the existing data sets — such as trended data — to score consumers more accurately. However, they still solely rely on credit bureau data. Explainability and transparency are essential components of responsible AI and machine learning (a type of AI) in underwriting. Organizations need to be able to explain how their models come to decisions and ensure they are behaving as expected. Model developers and lenders that use AI to build credit risk models can incorporate new high-quality data to supplement existing data sets. Alternative credit data can include information from alternative financial services, public records, consumer-permissioned data, and buy now, pay later (BNPL) data that lenders can use in compliance with the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA).* The resulting AI-driven models may more accurately predict credit risk — decreasing lenders' losses. The models can also use alternative credit data to score consumers that conventional models can't score. Infographic: From initial strategy to results — with stops at verification, decisioning and approval — see how customers travel across an Automated Loan Underwriting Journey. Business benefit of using data-centric AI models Financial services organizations can benefit from using a data-centric AI approach to create models across the customer lifecycle. That may be why about 70 percent of businesses frequently discuss using advanced analytics and AI within underwriting and collections.3 Many have gone a step further and implemented AI. Underwriting is one of the main applications for machine learning models today, and lenders are using machine learning to:4 More accurately assess credit risk models. Decrease model development, deployment and recalibration timelines. Incorporate more alternative credit data into credit decisioning. AI analytics solutions may also increase customer lifetime value by helping lenders manage credit lines, increase retention, cross-sell products and improve collection efforts. Additionally, data-centric AI can assist with fraud detection and prevention. Case study: Learn how Atlas Credit, a small-dollar lender, used a machine learning model and loan automation to nearly doubled its loan approval rates while decreasing its credit risk losses. How Experian helps clients leverage data-centric AI for better business outcomes During a presentation in 2021, Dr. Ng used the 80-20 rule and cooking as an analogy to explain why the shift to data-centric AI makes sense.5 You might be able to make an okay meal with old or low-quality ingredients. However, if you source and prepare high-quality ingredients, you're already 80% of the way toward making a great meal. Your data is the primary ingredient for your model — do you want to use old and low-quality data? Experian has provided organizations with high-quality consumer and business credit solutions for decades, and our industry-leading data sources, models and analytics allow you to build models and make confident decisions. If you need a sous-chef, Experian offers services and has data professionals who can help you create AI-powered predictive analytics models using bureau data, alternative data and your in-house data. Learn more about our AI analytics solutions and how you can get started today. 1DataCentricAI. (2023). Data-Centric AI.2Exchange.scale (2021). The Data-Centric AI Approach With Andrew Ng.3Experian (2021). Global Insights Report September/October 2021.4FinRegLab (2021). The Use of Machine Learning for Credit Underwriting: Market & Data Science Context. 5YouTube (2021). A Chat with Andrew on MLOps: From Model-Centric to Data-Centric AI *Disclaimer: When we refer to “Alternative Credit Data," this refers to the use of alternative data and its appropriate use in consumer credit lending decisions, as regulated by the Fair Credit Reporting Act. Hence, the term “Expanded FCRA Data" may also apply in this instance and both can be used interchangeably.

The state of digital banking is a story of fragmentation and technology that's often outdated or poorly integrated. Customer journeys are often suboptimal, and multiple layers of technological solutions often translate to problems like poor data hygiene, lack of regulatory compliance and missed opportunities. In addition, the use of legacy software can make it challenging to integrate up-to-date methods such as AI analytics solutions. However, demand on both the front and back ends for better digital services and more-efficient processes is driving banks to take on digital transformations that will help them stay competitive in an evolving technological landscape. Customers expect a frictionless, personalized and highly functional digital experience. To match strength with digital-native competitors, banks and lenders must transform how their organizations do business. What is digital transformation, and what does it mean for banks and lenders? A comprehensive digital transformation strategy is more than just investing in new digital tools. It's about rebuilding the structure and infrastructure of your business so that online and digital services and processes form the core of your competencies and offerings. Digital transformation is an ongoing journey rather than an end goal. It's a continuous process that iterates as you steadily improve and streamline operations and integrate new and improved technologies. One of the key aspects of digital transformation in banking is better gathering and leveraging of data. Banks, especially larger ones with a longer business history, possess large quantities of data that may be siloed or poorly utilized. By improving how they collect, analyze and make use of data, banks and financial institutions can enhance their decision-making abilities and engage with consumers in a more authentic, personalized way. Perhaps most important, digital transformation is customer-centric. While upgrading, merging and integrating back-end technologies and data solutions is a key component of the process, it's all done with the customer experience top of mind. Centralizing, streamlining and modernizing digital operations help to create a seamless, secure and highly targeted customer journey. The core pillars of digital transformation Multiple core pillars are involved in undergoing a successful digital transformation. Each of these should be integrated into a comprehensive strategy that considers the transformation as an integrated process, rather than a series of individual projects. In fact, one common error banks make when upgrading their digital infrastructure and offerings is failing to coordinate digital initiatives. A true digital transformation is holistic, resulting in apps, infrastructure, digital systems and customer experience platforms that are all part of one coherent, consistent approach. Data: Data is at the heart of digital transformation. It's through maximizing and optimizing usable data that financial institutions can truly make an impact on their ability to reach and connect with target consumers. Using data the right way means prioritizing security and privacy while taking advantage of opportunities to improve consumer targeting and engagement and personalization of offers. Analytics: Data can't do its job if it's not interpreted in a way that makes sense for your business. Quality analytics software and comprehensive analysis are what turn a set of disparate data points into usable information that informs smart decision-making and improves KPIs. Automation: Machine learning is improving by leaps and bounds, and it's only going to get more useful for businesses looking to increase the efficiency of their sales, marketing and engagement efforts. AI solutions are no longer a fringe tool but are quickly becoming part of the mainstream and a key component of digital strategies. Customers: With the array of digital tools available today, it's easy to lose sight of the main purpose of your business — connecting with people. Customers today expect digital engagement experiences that feel personalized and real, which is why a consistent, appealing digital customer journey should be top of mind in any digital transformation strategy. How can banks benefit? New, digitally native fintech solutions abound in the contemporary landscape. Overall, they tend to be highly competent when it comes to making the most of state-of-the-art tools like artificial intelligence, mobile apps and blockchain. By combining their brand longevity with a well-executed digital transformation, traditional banks can capitalize on their established reputations by reaching consumers with compelling offerings that utilize and are based on best-in-class digital tools and data analysis. Digital transformation in banking can have numerous benefits. For one, operations will be more streamlined. For another, enhanced security will make customers feel more secure while minimizing losses from fraud. In addition, integrating top-of-the-line data and analysis will result in better overall decision-making. The ultimate goal? Boosting lead generation and conversion rates and improving customer onboarding while reducing churn, thereby maximizing the efficiency of budget spend across multiple departments, from marketing to customer service. Get started with Experian Implementing a digital transformation that truly improves your business can be a daunting task, but it's achievable with the right partner. Experian's connectable and configurable solutions and technology can help drive your digital transformation. With offerings like our cloud platform solutions, you'll be well-positioned to move forward and take advantage of up-to-date technologies to serve your customers better. Learn more about how you can benefit from the digital transformation in banking. 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Using data to understand risk and make lending decisions has long been a forte of leading financial institutions. Now, with artificial intelligence (AI) taking the world by storm, lenders are finding innovative ways to improve their analytical capabilities. How AI analytics differs from traditional analytics Data analytics is analyzing data to find patterns, relationships and other insights. There are four main types of data analytics: descriptive, diagnostic, predictive and prescriptive. In short, understanding the past and why something happened, predicting future outcomes and offering suggestions based on likely outcomes. Traditionally, data analysts and scientists build models and help create decisioning strategies to align with business needs. They may form a hypothesis, find and organize relevant data and then run analytics models to test their hypothesis. However, time and resource constraints can limit the traditional analytics approach. As a result, there might be a focus on answering a few specific questions: Will this customer pay their bills on time? How did [X] perform last quarter? What are the chances of [Y] happening next year? AI analytics isn't completely different — think of it as a complementary improvement rather than a replacement. It relies on advances in computing power, analytics techniques and different types of training to create models more efficient than traditional analytics. By leveraging AI, companies can automate much of the data gathering, cleaning and analysis, saving them time and money. The AI models can also answer more complex questions and work at a scale that traditional analytics can't keep up with. Advances in AI are additionally offering new ways to use and interact with data. Organizations are already experimenting with using natural language processing and generative AI models. These can help even the most non-technical employees and customers to interact with vast amounts of data using intuitive and conversational interfaces. Benefits of AI analytics The primary benefits of AI-driven analytics solutions are speed, scale and the ability to identify more complex relationships in data. Speed: Where traditional analytics might involve downloading and analyzing spreadsheets to answer a single question, AI analytics automates these processes – and many others.Scale: AI analytics can ingest large amounts of data from multiple data sources to find analytical insights that traditional approaches may miss. When combined with automation and faster processing times, organizations can scale AI analytics more efficiently than traditional analytics.Complexity: AI analytics can answer ambiguous questions. For example, a marketing team may use traditional analytics to segment customers by known characteristics, such as age or location. But they can use AI analytics to find segments based on undefined shared traits or interests, and the results could include segments that they wouldn't have thought to create on their own. The insights from data analytics might be incorporated into a business intelligence platform. Traditionally, data analysts would upload reports or update a dashboard that business leaders could use to see the results and make educated decisions. Modern business intelligence and analytics solutions allow non-technical business leaders to analyze data on their own. With AI analytics running in the background, business leaders can quickly and easily create their own reports and test hypotheses. The AI-powered tools may even be able to learn from users' interactions to make the results more relevant and helpful over time. WATCH: See how organizations are using business intelligence to unlock better lending decisions with expert insights and a live demo. Using AI analytics to improve underwriting From global retailers managing supply chains to doctors making life-changing diagnoses, many industries are turning to AI analytics to make better data-driven decisions. Within financial services, there are significant opportunities throughout customer lifecycles. For example, some lenders use machine learning (ML), a subset of AI, to help create credit risk models that estimate the likelihood that a borrower will miss a payment in the future. Credit risk models aren't new — lenders have used models and credit scores for decades. However, ML-driven models have been able to outperform traditional credit risk models by up to 15 percent.1 In part, this is because the machine learning models might use traditional credit data and alternative credit data* (or expanded FCRA-regulated data), including information from alternative financial services and buy now pay later loans. They can also analyze the vast amounts of data to uncover predictive attributes that logistic regression (a more traditional approach) models might miss. The resulting ML models can score more consumers than traditional models and do so more accurately. Lenders that use these AI-driven models may be able to expand their lending universe and increase automation in their underwriting process without taking on additional risk. However, lenders may need to use a supervised learning approach to create explainable models for credit underwriting to comply with regulations and ensure fair lending practices. Read: The Explainability: ML and AI in credit decisioning report explores why ML models will become the norm, why explainability is important and how to use machine learning. Experian helps clients use AI analytics Although AI analytics can lead to more productive and efficient analytics operations over time, the required upfront cost or expertise may be prohibitive for some organizations. But there are simple solutions. Built with advanced analytics, our Lift Premium™ scoring model uses traditional and alternative credit data to score more consumers than conventional scoring models. It can help organizations increase approvals among thin-file and credit-invisible consumers, and more accurately score thick-file consumers.2 Experian can also help you create, test, deploy and monitor AI models and decisioning strategies in a collaborative environment. The models can be trained on Experian's vast data sources and your internal data to create a custom solution that improves your underwriting accuracy and capabilities. Learn more about machine learning and AI analytics. * When we refer to “Alternative Credit Data," this refers to the use of alternative data and its appropriate use in consumer credit lending decisions as regulated by the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA). Hence, the term “Expanded FCRA Data" may also apply in this instance and both can be used interchangeably. 1. Experian (2020). Machine Learning Decisions in Milliseconds 2. Experian (2022). Lift PremiumTM product sheet

‘Big data’ might not be the buzzword du jour, but it's here to stay. Whether trying to improve your customer experience, portfolio performance, automation, or new AI capabilities, access to quality data from varying data sources can create growth opportunities. 85 percent of organizations believe that poor-quality customer contact data negatively affects their operations and efficiencies, which leads to wasted resources and damages their brand. And 77 percent said that inaccurate data hurt their response to market changes during the pandemic.1 If you want to use data to drive your business forward, consider where the data comes from and how you can glean useful insights. What is a data source? A data source is a location where you can access information. It's a broad description because data sources can come in different formats — the definition depends on how the data is being used rather than a specific storage type. For example, you can get data from a spreadsheet, sensors on an internet of things device or scrape it from websites. You might store the data you gather using different types of databases. And in turn, those databases can be data sources for other programs or organizations. Types of data sources Many organizations have chief data officers, along with data engineers, scientists and analysts who gather, clean, organize and manage data. This important work relies on understanding the technical aspects of varying data sources and connections. And it can turn a disorganized pool of data into structured databases that business leaders can easily access and analyze. From a non-technical point of view, it’s important to consider where the data comes from and the pros and cons of these data sources. For instance, marketers might define data sources as: First-party data: The data collected about customers and prospects, such as account details, transaction history and interactions with your website or app. The data can be especially valuable and insightful when you can connect the dots between previously siloed data sources within your organization.Zero-party data: Some organizations have a separate classification for information that customers voluntarily share, such as their communication preferences and survey results. It can be helpful to view this data separately because it reflects customers' desires and interests, which can be used to further customize your messaging and recommendations.Second-party data: Another organization's first-party data can be your second-party data if you purchase it or have a partnership that involves data sharing or data collaboration. Second-party data can be helpful because you know exactly where the information comes from and it can complement information you already have about customers or prospects.Third-party data: Third-party data comes from aggregators that collect and organize information from multiple sources. It can further enrich your customer view to improve marketing, underwriting, customer service and collection efforts. READ: The Realizing a Single Customer View white paper explores how organizations can use high-quality data to better understand their customers. How can a data-driven approach benefit your business? Organizations use data science to make sense of the increasingly large flow of information from varying data sources. A clear view can be important for driving growth and responding to changing consumer preferences and economic uncertainty. A 2022 survey of U.S. organizations found high-quality data can help:2 Grow your business: 91 percent said investing in data quality helped business growth.Improve customer experience: 90 percent said better data quality led to better customer experiences.Increase agility: 89 percent said best practices for data quality improved business agility. You can see these benefits play out in different areas. For example, you can more precisely segment customers based on reliable geographic, demographic, behavioral and psychographic data. Or combine data sources to get a more accurate view of consumer risk and increase your AI-powered credit risk decisioning capabilities. But building and scaling data systems while maintaining good quality isn't easy. Many organizations have to manage multiple internal and external data sources, and these can feed into databases that don't always communicate with one another. Most organizations (85 percent) are looking toward automation to improve efficiency and make up for skill shortages. Most are also investing in technology to help them monitor, report and visualize data — making it easier to understand and use.3 WATCH: See how you can go from data to information to insight and foresight in the Using Business Intelligence to Unlock Better Lending Decisions webinar. Access high-quality data from Experian Digital acceleration has made accessing quality data more important than ever. This includes learning how to collect and manage your zero- and first-party data. Experian's data quality management solutions can help you aggregate, cleanse and monitor your data. And the business intelligence tools and platform democratize access, allowing non-technical business leaders to find meaningful insights. You can also enhance your data sets with second- and third-party data. Our industry-leading data sources have information on over 245 million consumers and 32 million businesses, including proprietary data assets. These include traditional credit bureau data, alternative credit data, automotive data, commercial credit data, buy now pay later data, fraud data and residential property data. And you can use our API developer portal to access additional third-party data sources within the same interface. Learn more about Experian's data sources. 1. Experian (2022). 2022 Global Data Management Research Report2. Experian (2022). The Data Quality Imperative3. Ibid.

Every data-driven organization needs to turn raw data into insights and, potentially, foresight. There was a time when lack of data was a hindrance, but that's often no longer the case. Many organizations are overwhelmed with too much data and lack clarity on how to best organize or use it. Modern business intelligence platforms can help. And financial institutions can use business intelligence analytics to optimize their decisioning and uncover safe growth opportunities. What is business intelligence? Business intelligence is an overarching term for the platforms and processes that organizations use to collect, store, analyze and display data and information. The ability to go from raw data to useful insights and foresight presents organizations with a powerful advantage, and can help them greatly improve their operations and efficiencies. Let’s pause and break down the below terms before expanding on business intelligence. Data: The raw information, such as customers' credit scores. Many organizations collect so much data that keeping it all can be an expensive challenge. Access to new types of data, such as alternative credit data, can assist with decisioning — but additional data points are only helpful if you have the resources or expertise to process and analyze them.Information: Once you process and organize data points, you can display the resulting information in reports, dashboards, and other visualizations that are easier to understand. Therefore, turning raw data into information. For example, the information you acquire might dictate that customers with credit scores over 720 prefer one of your products twice as much as your other products.Insight: The information tells you what happened, but you must analyze it to find useful and actionable insights. There could be several reasons customers within a specific score band prefer one product over another, and insights offer context and help you decide what to do next. In addition, you could also see what happened to the customers who were not approved.Foresight: You can also use information and insights to make predictions about what can happen or how to act in the future given different scenarios. For example, how your customers' preferences will likely change if you offer new terms, introduce a new product or there's a large economic shift. Business intelligence isn't new — but it is changing. Traditionally, business intelligence heavily relied on IT teams to sift through the data and generate reports, dashboards and other visualizations. Business leaders could ask questions and wait for the IT team to answer the queries and present the results. Modern business intelligence platforms make that process much easier and offer analytical insights. Now even non-technical business leaders can quickly answer questions with cloud-based and self-service tools. Business intelligence vs. business intelligence analytics Business intelligence can refer to the overall systems in place that collect, store, organize and visualize your data. Business intelligence tends to focus on turning data into presentable information and descriptive analytics — telling you what happened and how it happened. Business intelligence analytics is a subset of business intelligence that focuses on diagnostics, predictive and prescriptive analytics. In other words, why something happened, what could happen in the future, and what you should do. Essentially, the insights and foresight that are listed above. How can modern business intelligence benefit lenders? A business intelligence strategy and advanced analytics and modeling can help lenders precisely target customers, improve product offerings, streamline originations, manage portfolios and increase recovery rates. More specifically, business intelligence can help lenders uncover various trends and insights, such as: Changes in consumers' financial health and credit behavior.How customers' credit scores migrate over time.The risk performance of various portfolios.How product offerings and terms compare to competitors.Which loans are they losing to peers?Which credit attributes are most predictive for their target market? Understanding what's working well today is imperative. But your competitors aren't standing still. You also need to monitor trends and forecast the impact — good or bad — of various changes. WATCH: Webinar: Using Business Intelligence to Unlock Better Lending Decisions Using business intelligence to safely grow your portfolio Let's take a deeper dive into how business intelligence could help you grow your portfolio without taking on additional risk. It's an appealing goal that could be addressed in different ways depending on the underlying issue and business objective. For example, you might be losing loans to peers because of an acquisition strategy that's resulting in declining good customers. Or, perhaps your competitors' products are more appealing to your target customers. Business intelligence can show you how many applications you received, approved, and booked — and how many approved or declined applicants accepted a competitor's offer. You can segment and analyze the results based on the applicant’s credit scores, income, debt-to-income, loan amounts, loan terms, loan performance and other metrics. An in-depth analysis might highlight meaningful insights. For example, you might find that you disproportionately lost longer-term loans to competitors. Perhaps matching your competitors' long-term loan offerings could help you book more loans. READ: White paper: Getting AI-driven decisioning right in financial services Experian's business intelligence analytics solutions Lenders can use modern business intelligence platforms to better understand their customers, products, competitors, trends, and the potential impact of shifting economic circumstances or consumer behavior. Experian's Ascend Intelligence Services™ suite of solutions can help you turn data points into actionable insights. Ascend Intelligence Services™ Acquire Model: Create custom machine learning models that can incorporate internal, bureau and alternative credit data to more accurately assess risk and increase your lending universe.Ascend Intelligence Services™ Acquire Strategy: Get a more granular view of applicants that can help you improve segmentation and increase automation.Ascend Intelligence Services™ Pulse: A model and strategy health dashboard that can help you proactively identify and remediate issues and nimbly react to market changes.Ascend Intelligence Services™ Limit: Set and manage credit limits during account opening and when managing accounts to increase revenue and mitigate risk.Ascend Intelligence Services™ Foresight: A modern business intelligence platform that offers easy-to-use tools that help business leaders make better-informed decisions. Businesses can also leverage Experian's industry-leading data assets and expertise with various types of project-based and ongoing engagements. Learn more about how you can implement or benefit from business intelligence analytics.

The science of turning historical data into actionable insights is far from magic. And while organizations have successfully used predictive analytics for years, we're in the midst of a transformation. New tools, vast amounts of data, enhanced computing power and decreasing implementation costs are making predictive analytics increasingly accessible. And business leaders from varying industries and functions can now use the outcomes to make strategic decisions and manage risk. What is predictive analytics? Predictive analytics is a type of data analytics that uses statistical modeling and machine learning techniques to make predictions based on historical data. Organizations can use predictive analytics to predict risks, needs and outcomes. You might use predictive analytics to make an immediate decision. For example, whether or not to approve a new credit application based on a credit score — the output from a predictive credit risk model. But organizations can also use predictive analytics to make long-term decisions, such as how much inventory to order or staff to hire based on expected demand. How can predictive business analytics help a business succeed? Businesses can use predictive analytics in different parts of their organizations to answer common and critical questions. These include forecasting market trends, inventory and staffing needs, sales and risk. With a wide range of potential applications, it’s no surprise that organizations across industries and functions are using predictive analytics to inform their decisions. Here are a few examples of how predictive analytics can be helpful: Financial services: Financial institutions can use predictive analytics to assess credit risk, detect fraudulent applicants or transactions, cross-sell customers and limit losses during recovery. Healthcare: Using data from health records and medical devices, predictive models can predict patient outcomes or identify patients who need critical care. Manufacturing: An organization can use models to predict when machines need to be turned off or repaired to improve their longevity and avoid accidents. Retail: Brick-and-mortar retailers might use predictive analytics when deciding where to expand, what to cross-sell loyalty program members and how to improve pricing. Hospitality: A large hospitality group might predict future reservations to help determine how much staff they need to hire or schedule. Advanced techniques in predictive modeling for financial services Emerging technologies, particularly AI and machine learning (ML), are revolutionizing predictive modeling in the financial sector by providing more accurate, faster and more nuanced insights. Taking a closer look at financial services, consider how an organization might use predictive credit analytics and credit risk scores across the customer lifecycle. Marketing: Segment consumers to run targeted marketing campaigns and send prescreened credit offers to the people who are most likely to respond. AI models can analyze customer data to offer personalized offers and product recommendations. Underwriting: AI technologies enable real-time data analysis, which is critical for underwriting. The outputs from credit risk models can help you to quickly approve, deny or send applications for manual review. Explainable machine learning models may be able to expand automation and outperform predictive models built with older techniques by 10 to 15 percent.1 Fraud detection models can also raise red flags based on suspicious information or behaviors. Account management: Manage portfolios and improve customer retention, experience and lifetime value. The outputs can help you determine when you should adjust credit lines and interest rates or extend offers to existing customers. AI can automate complex decision-making processes by learning from historical data, reducing the need for human intervention and minimizing human error. Collections: Optimize and automate collections based on models' predictions about consumers' propensity to pay and expected recovery amounts. ML models, which are capable of processing vast amounts of unstructured data, can uncover complex patterns that traditional models might miss. Although some businesses can use unsupervised or “black box" models, regulations may limit how financial institutions can use predictive analytics to make lending decisions. Fortunately, there are ways to use advanced analytics, including AI and ML, to improve performance with fully compliant and explainable credit risk models and scores. WHITE PAPER: Getting AI-driven decisioning right in financial services Developing predictive analytics models Going from historical data to actionable analytics insights can be a long journey. And if you're making major decisions based on a model's predictions, you need to be confident that there aren’t any missteps along the way. Internal and external data scientists can oversee the process of developing, testing and implementing predictive analytics models: Define your goal: Determine the predictions you want to make or problems you want to solve given the constraints you must act within. Collect data: Identify internal and external data sources that house information that could be potentially relevant to your goal. Prepare the data: Clean the data to prepare it for analysis by removing errors or outliers and determining if more data will be helpful. Develop and validate models: Create predictive models based on your data, desired outcomes and regulatory requirements. Deciding which tools and techniques to use during model development is part of the art that goes into the science of predictive analytics. You can then validate models to confirm that they accurately predict outcomes. Deploy the models: Once a model is validated, deploy it into a live environment to start making predictions. Depending on your IT environment, business leaders may be able to easily access the outputs using a dashboard, app or website. Monitor results: Test and monitor the model to ensure it's continually meeting performance expectations. You may need to regularly retrain or redevelop models using training data that better reflects current conditions. Depending on your goals and resources, you may want to start with off-the-shelf predictive models that can offer immediate insights. But if your resources and experience allow, custom models may offer more insights. CASE STUDY: Experian worked with one of the largest retail credit card issuers to develop a custom acquisition model. The client's goal was to quickly replace their outdated custom model while complying with their model governance requirements. By using proprietary attribute sets and a patented advanced model development process, Experian built a model that offered 10 percent performance improvements across segments. Predictive modeling techniques Data scientists can use different modeling techniques when building predictive models, including: Regression analysis: A traditional approach that identifies the most important relationships between two or more variables. Decision trees: Tree-like diagrams  show potential choices and their outcomes. Gradient-boosted trees: Builds on the output from individual decision trees to train more predictive trees by identifying and correcting errors. Random forest: Uses multiple decision trees that are built in parallel on slightly different subsets of the training data. Each tree will give an output, and the forest can analyze all of these outputs to determine the most likely result. Neural networks: Designed to mimic how the brain works to find underlying relationships between data points through repeated tests and pattern recognition. Support vector machines: A type of machine learning algorithm that can classify data into different groups and make predictions based on shared characteristics. Experienced data scientists may know which techniques will work well for specific business needs. However, developing and comparing several models using different techniques can help determine the best fit. Implementation challenges and solutions in predictive analytics Integrating predictive analytics into existing systems presents several challenges that range from technical hurdles to external scrutiny. Here are some common obstacles and practical solutions: Data integration and quality: Existing systems often comprise disparate data sources, including legacy systems that do not easily interact. Extracting high-quality data from these varied sources is a challenge due to inconsistent data formats and quality. Implementing robust data management practices, such as data warehousing and data governance frameworks, ensure data quality and consistency. The use  of APIs can facilitate seamless data integration. Scalability: Predictive business analytics models that perform well in a controlled test environment may not scale effectively across the entire organization. They can suffer from performance issues when deployed on a larger scale due to increased data volumes and transaction rates. Invest in scalable infrastructure, such as cloud-based platforms that can dynamically adjust resources based on demand. Regulatory compliance: Financial institutions are heavily regulated, and any analytics tool must comply with existing laws — such as the Fair Credit Reporting Act in the U.S. — which govern data privacy and model transparency. Including explainable AI capabilities helps to ensure transparency and compliance in your predictive models. Compliance protocols should be regularly reviewed to align with both internal audits and external regulations. Expertise: Predictive analytics requires specialized knowledge in data science, machine learning and analytics. Develop in-house expertise through training and development programs or consider partnerships with analytics firms to bridge the gap. By addressing these challenges with thoughtful strategies, organizations can effectively integrate predictive analytics into their systems to enhance decision-making and gain a competitive advantage. From prediction to prescription While prediction analytics focuses on predicting what may happen, prescription analytics focuses on what you should do next. When combined, you can use the results to optimize decisions throughout your organization. But it all starts with good data and prediction models. Learn more about Experian's predictive modeling solutions. 1Experian (2020). Machine Learning Decisions in Milliseconds *This article includes content created by an AI language model and is intended to provide general information.

From chatbots to image generators, artificial intelligence (AI) has captured consumers' attention and spurred joy — and sometimes a little fear. It's not too different in the business world. There are amazing opportunities and lenders are increasingly turning to AI-driven lending decision engines and processes. But there are also open questions about how AI can work within existing regulatory requirements, how new regulations will impact its use and how to implement advanced analytics in a way that increases equitable inclusion rather than further embedding disparities. How are lenders using AI today? Many financial institutions have implemented — or at least tested — AI-driven tools throughout the customer lifecycle to: Target the right consumers: With tools like Ascend Intelligence ServicesTM Target (AIS Target), lenders can better identify consumers who match their credit criteria and send right-sized offers, which enables them to maximize their acceptance rates. Detect and prevent fraud: Fraud detection tools have used AI and machine learning techniques to detect and prevent fraud for years. These systems may be even more important as new fraud risks emerge, from tried-and-true methods to generative AI (GenAI) fraud. Assess creditworthiness: ML-based models can incorporate a range of internal and external data points to more precisely evaluate creditworthiness. When combined with traditional and alternative credit data*, some lenders can even see a Gini uplift of 60 to 70 percent compared to a traditional credit risk model. Manage portfolios: Lenders can also use a more complete picture of their current customers to make better decisions. For example, AI-driven models can help lenders set initial credit limits and suggest when a change could help them increase wallet share or reduce risk. Lenders can also use AI to help determine which up- and cross-selling offers to present and when (and how) to reach out. Improve collections: Models can be built to ease debt collection processes, such as choosing where to assign accounts, which accounts to prioritize and how to contact the consumer. Additionally, businesses can implement AI-powered tools to increase their organizations' productivity and agility. GenAI solutions like Experian Assistant accelerate the modeling lifecycle by providing immediate responses to questions, enhancing model transparency and parsing through multiple model iterations quickly, resulting in streamlined workflows, improved data visibility and reduced expenses. WATCH: Explore best practices for building, fine-tuning and deploying robust machine learning models for credit risk. The benefits of AI in lending Although lenders can use machine learning models in many ways, the primary drivers for adoption in underwriting include: Improving credit risk assessment Faster development and deployment cycles for new or recalibrated models Unlocking the possibilities within large datasets Keeping up with competing lenders Some of the use cases for machine learning solutions have a direct impact on the bottom line — improving credit risk assessment can decrease charge-offs. Others are less direct but still meaningful. For instance, machine learning models might increase efficiency and allow further automation. This takes the pressure off your underwriting team, even when application volume is extremely high, and results in faster decisions for applicants, which can improve your customer experience. Incorporating large data sets into their decisions also allows lenders to expand their lending universe without taking on additional risk. For example, they may now be able to offer risk-appropriate credit lines to consumers that traditional scoring models can't score. And machine learning solutions can increase customer lifetime value when they're incorporated throughout the customer lifecycle by stopping fraud, improving retention, increasing up- or cross-selling and streamlining collections. Hurdles to adoption of machine learning in lending There are clear benefits and interest in machine learning and analytics, but adoption can be difficult, especially within credit underwriting. A recent Forrester Consulting study commissioned by Experian found that the top pain points for technology decision makers in financial services were reported to be automation and availability of data. Explainability comes down to transparency and trust. Financial institutions have to trust that machine learning models will continue to outperform traditional models to make them a worthwhile investment. The models also have to be transparent and explainable for financial institutions to meet regulatory fair lending requirements. A lack of resources and expertise could hinder model development and deployment. It can take a long time to build and deploy a custom model, and there's a lot of overhead to cover during the process. Large lenders might have in-house credit modeling teams that can take on the workload, but they also face barriers when integrating new models into legacy systems. Small- and mid-sized institutions may be more nimble, but they rarely have the in-house expertise to build or deploy models on their own. The models also have to be trained on appropriate data sets. Similar to model building and deployment, organizations might not have the human or financial resources to clean and organize internal data. And although vendors offer access to a lot of external data, sometimes sorting through and using the data requires a large commitment. How Experian is shaping the future of AI in lending Lenders are finding new ways to use AI throughout the customer lifecycle and with varying types of financial products. However, while the cost to create custom machine learning models is dropping, the complexities and unknowns are still too great for some lenders to manage. But that's changing. Experian built the Ascend Intelligence Services™ to help smaller and mid-market lenders access the most advanced analytics tools. The managed service platform can significantly reduce the cost and deployment time for lenders who want to incorporate AI-driven strategies and machine learning models into their lending process. The end-to-end managed analytics service gives lenders access to Experian's vast data sets and can incorporate internal data to build and seamlessly deploy custom machine learning models. The platform can also continually monitor and retrain models to increase lift, and there's no “black box" to obscure how the model works. Everything is fully explainable, and the platform bakes regulatory constraints into the data curation and model development to ensure lenders stay compliant. Learn more * When we refer to “Alternative Credit Data," this refers to the use of alternative data and its appropriate use in consumer credit lending decisions as regulated by the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA). Hence, the term “Expanded FCRA Data" may also apply in this instance and both can be used interchangeably.