Tag: Business owners

We get this question on the Small Business Matters blog quite often — "How can I report my customers' data to credit bureaus like Experian?”  Many small business owners have questions about how to report data to credit bureaus as a business. So we invited Robbin Miske-Palmer from our Data Sourcing team to explain how that works, and what you can do as a business owner to give your customers the credit they deserve. Full File Reporting Many small businesses misunderstand that Experian requires reporting on all customer accounts, not just individual delinquent customers. This "full file reporting" benefits both businesses and their customers. Benefits for Businesses Improved Customer Creditworthiness: Reporting positive payment history helps customers qualify for better credit terms, encouraging their growth and potential spending with your business. Early Detection of Delinquency: Monthly reporting automatically reflects late payments, enabling early intervention to resolve issues and potentially avoid bad debt. Enhanced Vendor Reputation: Reporting demonstrates responsible credit management, fostering trust with other businesses and potential partners. Benefits for Customers Accurate Credit Reports: Reporting ensures accurate credit reports, reflecting good payment habits and contributing to higher credit scores. Access to Credit Opportunities: Positive credit history facilitates access to trade credit, loans, and other financial resources necessary for business growth. Encouragement of Responsible Credit Management: Reporting incentivizes customers to maintain good credit standing, benefiting their overall financial health. Getting Started with Experian Reporting Reporting business data to Experian is free, but requires meeting certain criteria: Membership Approval: Businesses need to apply and agree to Experian's terms and conditions. Monthly Full File Reporting: Timely submission of encrypted data files containing information on all customer accounts is mandatory. Standardized Format: Data files must follow a consistent format every month, simplifying the reporting process. Additional Resources Visit our website for detailed instructions and information on Experian business data reporting. Note that this is specific to reporting on businesses, not individuals. Reporting your customer's business data to Experian offers significant advantages for both your business and your customers. By facilitating responsible credit management and ensuring accurate credit information, this practice fosters a healthy business environment for everyone involved. Links: How to Report to Credit Bureaus as a Business Reporting your customers' business data is free but does require credentialing (Membership) approval.  Click here to find information on reporting client/customer data to Experian. Please have ready the following information when you contact Experian - legal company name, business phone number, company address, contact email address, and estimate on the number of businesses to be reported. Note: this is for reporting businesses only, not individuals. If you need to know how to report consumer data to Experian, click here. The following is a lightly-edited transcript of our interview. Gary: And so Robin could you tell us a little bit about what you do here at Experian? Robbin: I'm in the data sourcing department and one of our main objectives is to help businesses onboard to Experian, to be able to report their data, their business data to Experian. Gary: One of the questions I wanted to ask you and what we get asked about a lot on our blog and on social media, is from small business owners and that is how to report data to credit bureaus as a business. And, one to one, I think there may be some misconceptions about how Experian handles that, and I was wondering if you had any feedback on that question that we could help them with. Robbin: Absolutely. So typically, we'll be contacted by a business looking to report just one particular tradeline. But for reporting business data to Experian, it is a full file reporting. And what that means is that you report on all of your accounts. So, with those good accounts, you report those, delinquent, slow pay. And the reason that you do that versus one particular account is that all of your businesses get the advantage of being reported. Robbin:  So, if you are a small business, having your vendors report on you does affect your credit report. So, if you're paying as agreed, we want to certainly get that information on the credit report, so you can help those businesses that you work with. And, if you have to look at your slow-paying customers, you certainly want to be able to catch them sooner than later. So being able to report that full file, once they become delinquent you have that opportunity to speak with them and get them back on track since this is going to be something that's shared with the credit bureau. Gary: So, if they're reporting in an automatic way, let's say on a monthly basis to Experian, that transaction that shows the original invoice going out and the fact that it's 90 days or 60 days past due, that's automatically being reflected then in the data. Am I right? Robbin: Yes. Gary: And if the business owner at that point they want to get paid is it then up to commercial collections to go out and get that payment made? Robbin: They can certainly use those services, and Experian does accept collections data as well as trade data, but they also have the opportunity to discuss with their clients to say, "Hey, we do report this information to Experian, we want to be good stewards of your information, make sure that information gets to the credit report." Gary: What I got from your last statement was that with the full file reporting, that you know there are positives and negatives too for the business owner. The customers of your business are getting the credit that they deserve, right?  Because you know, if they're paying you on time that's then being reflected in their business credit score. Robbin: Absolutely, and it's a benefit to the vendor to report that information because as their customers grow, and are able to access trade or other means of credit, they're able to grow. So, you certainly want to encourage their growth so that they can spend more with your vendor. Gary: Okay. Excellent. So now, if I'm a business owner, and I have not been reporting to Experian as yet, but I want to. What's their course of action, how do they start? Robbin:  It's free to report business data to Experian, but we do have some guidelines that we have to meet. So, they do have to be a customer of Experian, which means there's an application and an agreement that must be signed. It is a monthly data reporting of that full file. You must be able to commit to sending that data to us in an encrypted fashion. And we have the tools already built to be able to do that. We just need your commitment that you're going to send the layout, format, and file, once a month. That layout format stays the same each month. Certainly, you're going to be adding customers, or somebody gets to a final status like they have paid in full, or they're no longer a customer you can report them through that final status, but it should be a monthly reporting that comes to us every month the format and layout stays the same. Gary:  Excellent. Well, I want to thank you very much for taking time out today to talk to us about this Robbin and look forward to another opportunity to chat about data with you.

Some people might consider starting a business easy; the hard part is keeping the company open and profitable beyond the first two years. The odds of success are tough; a third of new businesses will close by the end of their second year. And 70% of these companies fade by year 10. According to the U.S. Census, 2020 business starts soared 27 percent to 4.4 million. COVID-19 closures and related layoffs were a likely catalyst. How many of these new businesses will succeed beyond their second year? It takes hard work, guts, and determination to grow a successful business, especially one that remains open for decades.The Small Business Administration studied business failure. In this post, we summarize ten leading reasons. Use them to keep your business on track. #10: Over-investment in fixed assets Up-front expenses are common for any business. However, over-investing early on can spell disaster. Evaluate the necessity of owning these assets. Perhaps you can lease or buy used equipment rather than buy new when you are just getting started. Avoid this problem by limiting start-up expenses, and maximize cash flow. #9: Personal use of business funds Some business owners will use their business to cover personal expenses, a big risk, and a potential accounting hazard. Many small business owners will use personal credit to bootstrap their operations. To bypass this mistake, keep your funding sources separate. To avoid legal liability, set up your business as an LLC, corporation, or partnership. #8: Poor inventory management For a young business, good inventory management is crucial. Tying up working capital in inventory can be risky. So, putting in place good inventory controls early on is just smart. Make conservative, experience-based projections of supply needs. Rather than draining capital and eroding profits, a business can set up a line of credit but must exercise proper control and accountability. #7: Unexpected growth As a business starts to flourish, it's tempting to invest everything back into it in order to grow. For the long-term, it's better to limit spending, especially on more significant expenses. Spending too much, too quickly exposes the business to increased risk, which can endanger working capital. #6: Unable to keep pace with competitors The free-market economy encourages competition. Competition can be good for consumers, but a new business must work hard to distinguish itself against larger, established competitors. Study them and look for areas of opportunity – the path to longevity is taking care of your customers. Find ways to deliver good value and good service. This will build good word of mouth and help set you apart. Business reviews are a great place to start building. #5: Location and visibility Visibility is a key component of success, so try to find a physical location close to where targeted customers work or live. Consider accessibility, parking, and the condition of the building. A business’s online presence is just as important – for both digital and brick and mortar businesses. Customers can’t buy from someone they can’t find, so a professional-looking website with pages designed to get found by search engines is a must. A strong presence on social media is equally important. #4: Lack of experience Good business leadership means having the experience to make the right decisions and anticipate the challenges in the initial stages of growth and beyond. Aside from the expected steps to build a business, leaders must adapt to handle the pressure and avoid costly mistakes. Before opening your business, know your products and services and research customer needs and the general market. #3: Poor credit arrangements A business must make customer payment and credit terms accessible, but it can hurt cash flow if your financing options are too flexible. Mobile payments such as Square, PayPal, Venmo, and Zelle may help provide easy payment solutions. Establishing clear credit terms for large accounts is best. Just as you assess the creditworthiness of your customers, your business is also being assessed by potential vendors. To be seen as good credit risk, keep tabs on your own business credit score. #2: Low sales Maintaining consistent sales levels is a significant success factor for any growing business. Low sales can result from keeping an underperforming sales force, having inferior products and services – or overpricing them, lacking a solid understanding of buying trends, or misreading the competition. Business owners need to be ready to make course corrections to increase sales and revenue. #1: Insufficient capital Having money on hand is an obvious necessity to run a business. Investors, government grants, and business loans are common ways to raise capital. Online lenders have stepped in to fill the gap left by major banks following the Great Recession. Getting a loan may not be difficult, but a new business lacking credit history may face less favorable terms. Even if showing a profit, small businesses must focus on maintaining positive cash flow and paying bills on time to build strong credit. Don’t allow poor credit to limit your potential When it comes to managing your business credit, think of Experian. Whether you need to monitor your own business credit report or evaluate others, Experian® SmartBusinessReportsSM has the ideal small-business reporting service for you. Experian’s business credit reports and subscriptions are the best value for the money, giving you the choice to monitor your business credit reputation or instantly evaluate business backgrounds and credit scores on your suppliers and customers.

In celebration of International Women's Day (March 8th, 2020), Experian spoke with Stephanie Eidelman, CEO of the IA Institute, a media company that produces news, events, education for the credit and collections industry. She is an influencer in the world of consumer debt and a strong advocate for Women in business. Her company hosts the Women in Consumer and Commercial Finance Conference. Gary: So if you could tell me a little bit about when you were starting out in your career, did you set out to become a CEO and business owner or was that the trajectory that you thought that you would take?  Stephanie: My trajectory is nothing like I expected originally, I started my career in the theater. I was originally a theater major at school and that goes back to fifth grade when I started doing props in elementary school and I loved it and I really thought that what I would be was a stage manager and I wanted to ultimately be a Broadway producer.  Gary: So, you said recently that you are “calling women up versus calling men out?” What did you mean by that?  Stephanie: Yeah, well, you know, I think in a lot of areas it's not, it can be fun and sort of cathartic to have a, a sort of a gripe session, you know, or a, oh, woe is us or, or to talk about things that are our problems. But, you know, as it relates to men and women take to get a whole bunch of women together and call men out or complain. Again, it, it may be satisfying to some degree, but it's not useful and it's not going to move people forward. And so, the calling women up is really more about focusing on how we can get from here to there, what are the positive steps that we can take?  What are the ways that we can influence our own behavior? and not necessarily depend on men to allow us or, or do it for us or with us but just focusing on the more positive aspect.  Gary: I'd say in the last few years, women in business, and women really taking their place in business, I know at Experian, we really champion women business leaders. We've got employee resource groups allocated to women, but the men are invited to those meetings too, and we get something out of it as well. I think it's a partnership really. Would you agree with that?  Stephanie: Absolutely. I mean, I think it's, you know, it doesn't really matter. Again, you know, anybody who is passionate about developing women or developing anybody, you know, ought to be involved in that. Plenty of men have daughters or wives or sisters or whatever and would like to see them succeed, just as, you know, just as much as their sons or brothers or, or whatever. So, I absolutely believe that we do, one thing you might be alluding to is, we started a Women's Conference last year and, it's, it's not for men and maybe it will become for men at some point. And we've certainly had men ask about it, but you know, there is an element to creating a space that women do feel safe and the ability, the ability to, to share things that maybe they wouldn't share in front of men. And so, it's not so much about leaving them out as creating a space where women do feel comfortable to take that first step. And I can see that different conversations happen, and we have other conferences that have men too, and they're also great. but, but the character of the conversation is different.  Gary: So if you overheard a conversation on the train about with a woman considering starting her own company and going into business for herself today in 2020, do you have any advice for her on what would set her off on a good footing?  Stephanie: Gosh, you know, I would suggest it for anybody, woman or, man, it's interesting. I am a woman business owner and I don't know that I would tell you a story of how I've not had opportunities, if I've been slighted as a woman, maybe it's happened and I haven't noticed it, or maybe my threshold for it is different than others. But I would certainly, for anyone looking to start a business, I would give the advice that it's not easy. You have to be prepared for the fact that nobody's going to care about it as much as you do, you know? Cause you're the owner and the buck stops with you, however, we can't do it alone. All right. So, there's a real balance there. And I would just say go for it woman or man, I think if you have a passion for something and you're willing to work hard at it, then you should do it. And what I find is it's amazing how easily you can become an authority in something these days by just putting effort into it. That alone surpasses often 90% of the competition.  Gary: Yes. In the data that we've studied on women business owners, there seems to be a reliance on personal credit. That's one of the trends that we've seen the last few times that we've done the study and a reluctance to shop for credit. You work in credit and collections in your industry, why do you think that is? Is it a confidence issue or maybe an education issue in terms of knowing what credit products are out there for business owners?  Stephanie: Well, I bet it is an education issue, and matching the right type of credit, to what you need. It may also be an overestimation of what you need, how much is needed. People may think they need millions of dollars to start a business and you know, that may be true in certain types of businesses, but probably not in most, and for that matter, bootstrapping it is probably a great way to go. When you're not beholden to somebody else you really have more ability to do what's right for the business and not just what that creditor is demanding. So, I guess it might be. I will say in full disclosure, I didn't really have to do a lot of shopping for credit because we have been able to fund the business through the cash, through operations of the business. So, I haven't had to raise money.  Gary: I'd heard this a of your company, and that's admirable. The thing that we are noticing when we study the credit profiles of women business owners and men business owners, there are different industries obviously, where you have a lot more groupings of businesses for women versus men. But generally, the credit profiles are quite comparable. So, it's interesting that when you look at the breadth of credit and the types of credit, trade lines women business owners are accessing versus men that they're not tapping trade-credit earlier in the life of the business. Setting up terms with leasing for office equipment or getting terms from distributors, whether it's office supplies, you know, these are some of the things opening a business credit card versus using personal credit. These are some of the things that we were hoping can change over time. But generally, we see women are a good credit risk and they're starting businesses in record numbers.  Stephanie: You know, it's a great point as I think about my not only credit for the need to raise money but credit for the need to get more credit basically to open accounts. My business really was a spinoff of a business that my parents started in the late 1980s. And so before I spun it out and needed to get my own lease and my own phone bill and all those things, I realized, yeah, the business had been established for quite a while, but not by me. And the credit that I was surprised to find how thin the credit file was for my business because a lot of those accounts had been established under the prior parent company. And so, it did take a few years to get that going. But it wasn't really an impediment. I was able to do everything I needed it to do. I probably just needed to personally guarantee or, you know, put my personal information a little more than I would have thought originally, but it never really held me back.  Gary: So, is this a good year for your company? The economy seems stable. We had some worries of a recession there earlier in the year, but that seems to have kind of leveled out. Are you feeling confident about 2020 and moving into the next year or, or are you seeing uncertainty with things like trade and, those things impacting business?  Stephanie: Well, for my business, it’s what affects it most is the environment for my clients, which includes regulatory uncertainty. That's, you know, in the last few years has been a little bit more favorable for our industry. Going forward, there's certainly going to be uncertainty about what's going to be in the coming years. And yeah, I would say that I'm optimistic about the coming year and next year as well. And in part it's really because we've done a lot of work on focusing on differentiating ourselves and just kind of staying in our lane or creating our lane and then staying in it. I think personally, this isn't exactly the question you just asked, but personally, what I've learned a lot as a business owner - it's so easy to become obsessed with what everyone else is doing. You know? The competitors, you certainly need to be aware of the competitive environment, but to focus too much on that and what you can't control is really a large distraction. And focusing on what you do best and what you can do and doing it the best that you can, is going to make you more successful than trying to be on top of everything for everybody you compete with, you know, everyone else in the space. And so that, that's been a, what's most important for us and what exactly the macro economic factors are, don't have to be noise that's as impactful, especially for a smaller business.  Gary: Excellent advice. So, Stephanie, if our women viewers of this content would like to find out more about your institution and you mentioned your conference how would they go about doing that?  Stephanie: So our website is www.theiainstitute.com and there you can find all the different things that we do, including our Women in Consumer and Commercial Finance Conference, but our other initiatives as well are all summarized there.  Gary: Well, thank you very much for taking time out to speak with us today, Stephanie.  Stephanie: Thanks, Gary. I really appreciate it.  

Experian has just released the Women in Business credit study, a three year study of around 2.8 million credit files for small business owners. One of the key findings in this study was women business owners, in particular, are reliant upon personal forms of credit, and they may be at a disadvantage through this practice. In the below video, Experian talked with Sarah Evans, owner of Sevans Strategy, a digital PR agency and Linda Waterhouse, owner of WSI Web Systems, to get their perspectives on managing credit, and some of the insights revealed in the Experian study. Click below to learn more about the Women in Business credit study.

In this guest post, tax expert and author Barbara Weltman offers some tax saving tips for business owners as we head into tax season. You can find more posts by Barbara on her blog Big Ideas for Small Business. Tax season is upon us and business owners want to minimize their tax bill for 2018 to the extent allowed by law. Fortunately, there is considerable flexibility on tax returns to cut taxes and be positioned for 2019. Here are some business-related strategies to consider. Take advantage of new tax laws Your 2018 return will reflect changes made by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. The new rules applicable to you depend on your type of business entity: C corporations. The most dramatic change here is the cut in the corporate tax rate to 21%. Pass-through entities. For owners in partnerships, limited liability companies, S corporations, and sole proprietors, the most dramatic change here is the introduction of a new tax deduction called the qualified business income (QBI) deduction. This personal write-off effectively reduces taxable profits by 20% for those eligible to fully utilize it; many limitations apply. All businesses. Regardless of how the business is organized, write-offs for buying certain property have been enhanced, enabling all of the cost to be deducted up front. This is so even if the purchases are financed in whole or in part. And if you’ve continued paying wages to employees on family or medical leave and meet certain requirements, you may be eligible for a new tax credit. Make smart tax elections Size up where you stand in terms of profitability for 2018. As a generalization, if 2018 was a good year, you want to maximize your deductions; if it was not a good year, you probably want to save deductions where possible to use them as offsets when profitability returns. For example, if you’re in the black in 2018 and have placed newly acquired equipment in service in 2018, then use tax breaks—Section 179 deduction and bonus depreciation—to write off all of the cost on your 2018 return. Conversely, if you’re in the red, don’t elect the Section 179 deduction and opt out of bonus depreciation so you use regular depreciation to spread deductions over the recovery period of the property; hopefully, you’ll be profitable then and benefit more from these deductions. Discuss with your CPA or another tax advisor any accounting method changes to be made for 2018 in light of new rules under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Making such changes can impact when deductions are taken and income is reported. Make last-minute retirement plan contributions If you have a qualified retirement plan in place (i.e., it’s been operating for years or you at least signed the paperwork for a 2018 plan by December 31, 2018), you can complete contributions to the plan up to the extended due date of your return. For example, if you are a sole proprietor with a solo 401(k) plan (you don’t have employees), your contribution for 2018 can be made up to the extended due date of your 2018 return (October 15, 2019) if you have a filing extension. If you don’t have a qualified retirement plan in place, it’s not too late to set up and fund a SEP. This type of plan, which can be used by any type of entity, requires you to include eligible employees and make contributions on their behalf up to the extended due date of your return. Figure your estimated taxes for 2019 The due date of your personal income tax return—April 15, 2019 (April 17th if you live Maine or Massachusetts)—is also the date for paying the first installment of estimated tax for 2019. If you file your 2018 return by this date, you can use the 2018 tax liability to gauge your 2019 estimated tax payments. As long as your 2019 estimated taxes are at least 100% of your 2018 liability (110% if your adjusted gross income in 2018 exceeds $150,000, or $75,000 if married filing separately), then you won’t owe any estimated tax penalties even if this estimate falls short of what you’ll actually owe on your 2019 return. In making your 2019 estimated, factor in: A higher Social Security wage base ($132,900 in 2019), which is part of self-employment tax. Cost of living adjustments to various tax breaks (e.g., retirement plan contribution limits, Section 179 deduction limitation). Conclusion Now that the dust has settled on the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, some businesses may want to consider changing their form of entity (e.g., revoking an S election to become a C corporation). Keep in mind that such action has more than mere tax effect and shouldn’t be undertaken without considering not only all the federal and state taxes but also non-tax considerations.  

Failing to seek IP protection may put your small business at a competitive disadvantage, so in this guest post we include some basic IP tips.

  The Qualified Business Income Deduction is part of the recently revised business tax code. In this guest post,  leading author and tax expert, Barbara Weltman how business owners with multiple businesses can approach the QBI deduction. You can find more blogs by Barbara on her blog Big Ideas for Small Business.  The qualified business income (QBI) deduction provides a significant opportunity for business owners to slash their federal income tax bill. Designed to lower the effective tax rate on owners of pass-through entities, the write-off can be as much as 20% of QBI. But various limitations come into play that can reduce or bar the deduction.  For a basic primer on QBI, read my earlier post "Understanding The New Qualified Business Income Deduction."  If you are a business owner with an interest in multiple businesses,  you should read on. The good news is, you may be able to aggregate them to optimize their deduction. The bad news: certain businesses may not be able to break up in order to use the deduction, more on that part later. So here are some of the points to note in putting businesses together or taking them apart in order to get the biggest QBI deduction possible.   Aggregating businesses Usually, if you own businesses directly (a sole proprietorship or single-member limited liability company, or LLC) or have interests in S corporations, partnerships, or limited liability companies (LLCs), you figure the deduction for each business and then combine them for a single entry on your tax return. But you may be able to lump your business numbers together in figuring your QBI deduction. This may allow you to take a larger deduction than if you didn’t aggregate your business interests. If eligible, you can aggregate your interests, regardless of what your co-owners do with their interests. To qualify for aggregation, you must meet all 5 conditions: The same person or group of persons own (directly or indirectly) 50% or more of each business being aggregated. The 50% or more ownership exists for more than half the year. All tax items attributable to each business are reported on tax returns with the same tax year end (e.g., all businesses use a calendar year). None of the businesses are a specified service trade or business, or SSTB (any trade or business involving the performance of services in the fields of health, law, engineering, architecture, accounting, actuarial science, performing arts, consulting, athletics, financial services, brokerage services, or any trade or business where the principal asset of such trade or business is the reputation or skill of one or more of its employees or owners). The businesses being aggregated satisfy at least 2 of these 3 requirements: (a) the businesses provide products and services that are the same (e.g., a restaurant and a food truck) or customarily provided together (e.g. a gas station and a car wash), (b) the businesses share facilities or significant centralized elements (e.g., personnel, accounting, legal, manufacturing, purchasing, human resources, or information technology services), and (c) the businesses operate in coordination with or reliance on each other (e.g., they have supply chain interdependencies). Other key points: Assuming eligibility, you can choose to aggregate some of your businesses and not others. The aggregation of businesses for purposes of the passive activity loss rules has no impact on aggregation for the QBI deduction. If one of the businesses being aggregated produces a negative QBI, each business with a positive QBI must be offset by a portion of the negative QBI. But W-2 wages and the unadjusted basis immediately after acquisition (UBIA) of qualified property from a business that has a negative QBI aren’t taken into account in figuring the QBI limitation. If there’s an overall negative QBI for the year, it is treated as a loss from a qualified business in the following year (the loss continues to haunt you). An election to aggregate businesses means they must continue to be aggregated in the future. New businesses can be added to the aggregated group. But if things change for businesses within the group (e.g., ownership drops below 50%), they may no longer qualify for aggregation. Each year you must attach to your return a statement identifying each business being aggregated. If you don’t, the IRS can “disaggregate” the businesses. Chopping up businesses Specified Service Trade Businesses's (SSTB's) with owners having high taxable income that would otherwise bar them from taking a QBI deduction may have thought they could separate out some functions in an attempt to qualify those separate parts as non-SSTBs. For example, it had been suggested to remove administrative functions or building ownership into a separate business to at least get the QBI deduction for this business. While having separate businesses is certainly allowed, the IRS has effectively killed the idea of chopping up businesses in certain situations in order to get the QBI deduction. An SSTB includes any trade or business with 50% or more common ownership that provides 80% or more of its property or services to an SSTB. If a trade or business has a 50% or more common ownership with an SSTB, to the extent it provides property or services to the commonly-owned SSTB, the portion of the property or services is treated as income from an SSTB. Even if a business would not otherwise be an SSTB but has 50% or more common ownership with an SSTB and shared expenses (e.g., wages, overhead expenses), it is treated as incidental to an SSTB if its gross receipts are modest. More specifically, the trade or business will be treated as an SSTB if its gross receipts represent no more than 5% of the gross receipts of the combined businesses. Bottom line The QBI deduction is a wonderful way to reduce your tax bill because it doesn’t cost you anything to get it (you don’t need to expend any money); it’s yours if you qualify. For the vast majority of business owners, the deduction is rather straightforward. But qualifying for the deduction becomes a complicated matter for anyone with taxable income over $315,000 on a joint return or $157,500 on any other return. Check with your tax advisor to learn more about how you can qualify for this write-off. Learn more about the QBI Deduction at our upcoming webinar with Barbara Weltman October 2nd.

The Association of Certified Fraud Examiners has released their 2018 Report to the Nations: Global Study on Occupational Fraud and Abuse and small businesses should take heed. The annual report, which began in 1996, was implemented to identify cases of fraud in order to best address the problem. The Report to the Nations identifies: how fraud is committed, how it is detected, who commits it and how organizations can protect themselves. One of the key findings is that small businesses lose almost twice as much per fraud incident as larger businesses. Other key findings will be addressed in this article. Experian spoke with Andi McNeal, co-author of the report and ACFE’s Director of Research, to dive deeper into the reports’ findings. How is Occupational Fraud Harmful to Small Businesses? Occupational fraud is when someone steals from their own company. For small businesses, fraud can be more impactful than in large businesses. In the Report to the Nations, small businesses are identified as those with less than 100 employees as compared to larger businesses with 100 or more. According to the report, the median loss for small businesses is $200,000 versus $104,000 for large businesses. With the average amount of each incident nearly double, and with revenues likely much less than in larger businesses, this loss can be quite devastating to the business. ACFE’s Director of Research, Andi McNeal, points out that the report doesn’t necessarily cover all industries, only 23 industry categories are included, so the average amount per industry can vary. However, considering the average size of small businesses, one single employee stealing $200,000 could wipe out the whole company. How is Fraud Committed and Detected? According to McNeal, the report was built on a survey of ACFE fraud examiners sharing case information from the prior 2 years. The current report looked at 2,690 cases of occupational fraud from all over the world, including 28% that were perpetrated in small businesses. The report revealed that fraud is typically found because there are few if any, internal controls to prevent and detect it. In a small business, fraud can be perpetuated by: a co-owner one owner running personal purchases through the company or to family members the person controlling the bank account With the average median duration of a fraud scheme lasting 16 months, corruption is the most common with 70% of cases perpetrated by a business leader. McNeal stated that the lack of internal controls contributed to almost half of all frauds. Most organizations, including those without reporting hotlines, are more than twice as likely to detect fraud only by accident. The unfortunate truth for small businesses is the “risk of fraud can be easily overlooked and quite devastating”. In small businesses, owners are less likely to detect and report fraud. Owners and leaders operate on trust, even when formal policies are in place. Small business leaders are focused on operations and not necessarily concerned that someone is stealing from them.  The Report to the Nations states that only 2% of owners will detect and report occupational fraud compared to 53% of employees. So having these conscientious whistleblowers among your ranks is your best line of defense. How Can Small Businesses Protect Themselves from Fraud? McNeal recommended internal controls to prevent and detect fraud.  Small businesses have half the implementation rate of internal controls than larger businesses if they have any at all. Some of the internal controls that can help include: A Code of conduct Anti-fraud training Data analytics to control fraud 3rd party audits of financial statements The best way to prevent fraud is to emphasize that fraud will be reported right away. McNeal recommended sitting down with staff to look over the company’s anti-fraud policy. This management procedure sends a strong message to staff to let them know that fraud will be taken seriously. In other cases, employees did have suspicions of fraud but didn’t know what to do about it. Setting up a formal procedure of transparency, including a hotline program, allows employees to know there’s someone they can talk to. Empowered staff will speak up if given a directive of reporting concerning behaviors, including pressure or frustration. Some employees need an outlet instead of resorting to fraud. Build a layer of management review. McNeal stated that if the small business owner opened the monthly bank statements, it could stop most small business fraud. Surprise accounting audits can also ensure the accounting procedures are truthful and accurate. Final Thoughts on Detecting Small Business Fraud Andi McNeal shared that there are many third-party businesses available to help detect fraud. ACFE Membership is made up of anti-fraud professionals, including many boutique firms. Some consultancies specialize in helping small business implement scaled anti-fraud programs. Business owners can decide which firms fit their need or make sense for the number of resources they have available. There are also resources online to help detect fraud and build internal controls. Business owners need a clearer understanding of where their risk is, and which parts of their company are most vulnerable to fraud. Small business needs to pay special attention to their accounting department, including implementing processes and procedures. For instance, McNeal recommends that staff is cross-trained when someone is going on vacation or that more than one person is reviewing the accounting. Surprise audits are most effective. “Also,” said McNeal, “Management behaving in an ethical manner. If employees are watching management making ethical decisions in a grey area, then they may do the same. The tone is set from the top.” Running background checks is also helpful, so small business owners do not hire those who have stolen before. According to McNeal, only 4% of fraudsters have been convicted of fraud prior to the cases in the report. 89% had no criminal background. Unfortunately, after the fraud is detected, fewer organizations are actually prosecuting the fraudsters. So businesses could be hiring first-time offenders or those who simply weren’t prosecuted because of cost if the previous victim was afraid of bad publicity or they believed the internal justice was sufficient. There should be appropriate consequences to help stop the propagation of fraud. You can download this fascinating report from the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners website.

      The IRS recently released more details about the Qualified Business Income Deduction, a new tax regulation that will impact small business owners. In this guest post,  leading author and tax expert, Barbara Weltman shares first impressions on the regulation and potential impact for small businesses. You can find more blogs by Barbara on her blog Big Ideas for Small Business.    If you own a pass-through entity—sole proprietorship, partnership, limited liability company, or S corporation—you may be eligible for a new tax deduction. It is a significant tax reduction for business owners who qualify for it. But it isn’t simple because numerous limitations and acronyms come into play. The following is a brief introduction to the qualified business income deduction.   Overview Referred to as the Section 199A deduction (the section in the Tax Code for it), the qualified business income (QBI) deduction runs from 2018 through 2025. You don’t have to expend any capital or take any special action; if you qualify for the deduction you get it. But the bad news is that there’s new terminology and calculations for limitations on the deduction which can be daunting. The deduction does not reduce your business income and does not reduce your net earnings for self-employment tax if you’re self-employed. It does not reduce your gross income as does other business-related expenses, such as retirement plan contributions on your behalf, health insurance for yourself, and one-half of self-employment tax. The deduction comes off your adjusted gross income in the same way as the standard deduction or itemized deductions (there’s a special line for the QBI deduction on Form 1040), effectively reducing the tax rate you pay on your business profits. For example, if you are in the 32% tax bracket and qualify for the deduction without any limitations, the effective tax rate on your QBI becomes 25.6%. What is QBI? The deduction is based on the amount of your qualified business income. This is essentially your profits from a pass-through trade or business. However, QBI does not include certain items that you do factor into your net income for determining what you pay income tax on. Items excluded from QBI are: Capital gains and losses (including Section 1231 gains) Dividend income Interest income Reasonable compensation paid to S corporation owner-employees Guaranteed payments to partners for services rendered to the business What is the QBI deduction? If your taxable income is no more than $157,500 if single or $315,000 if married filing jointly, then your deduction is 20% of QBI. The deduction cannot exceed your taxable income minus any capital gains. For example, if you are a sole proprietor with a net profit of $90,000 (and no excluded items) on your Schedule C and your taxable income is $100,000 (no capital gains), your QBI deduction is $18,000 ($90,000 x 20%). What limitations apply? Once your taxable income is higher than the taxable income threshold for your filing status, then various limitations come into play. The exact formula for determining the deduction (there are special rules for income from REITs and publicly traded partnerships that is not explained here) is the lesser of: 20% of your QBI, or The greater of (a) 50% of W-2 wages or (b) the sum of 25% of W-2 wages plus 2.5% of the unadjusted basis immediately after acquisition (UBIA) of qualified property. In addition to the W-2 limitation and the property limitation, there is a special limitation for a specified service trade or business (defined below). Only a percentage of QBI, W-2 wages, and the unadjusted basis of property can be taken into account. Once an owner of a specified service trade or business has taxable income over $207,500 if single, or $415,000 if married filing jointly, then this limitation means no deduction can be claimed. What are the special terms to know? There are a number of special terms you need to know in order to figure the deduction: W-2 wages. These are wages reported on W-2s to employees (including wages to S corporation owner-employees), plus elective deferral contributions to 401(k)s and similar plans and certain deferred compensation. Specified service trades or businesses (SSTBs). These are any trade or business involving the performance of services in the fields of health, law, accounting, actuarial science, performing arts, consulting, athletics, financial services, brokerage services, or any trade or business where the principal asset of such trade or business is the reputation or skill of one or more of its employees or owners (a catchall category). Architecture and engineering are specifically not included in the list of fields. Fortunately, the IRS has narrowly construed the meaning of the catchall category so that the skill or reputation of an owner will be an SSTB only if the person receives payment for endorsing products or services, licensing the taxpayer’s images, or receiving fees for media appearances. For instance, a chef who owns restaurants and also endorses a line of cookware, only the income from the endorsement will be treated as an SSBT; the income from the restaurants won’t be tainted and subject to the SSBT limitation. Unadjusted basis immediately after acquisition (UBIA) of qualified property. This is essentially the cost of depreciable tangible property as of the date it’s placed in service. So if your sole proprietorship buys a $10,000 machine and begins to use it on March, 1, 2018, you have UBIA of $10,000, even if you write-off the entire cost on your 2018 return. Conclusion If you think the QBI deduction sounds complicated, then you are correct. Fortunately, the actual computation of the deduction is done automatically by software. The important concepts to understand are the overall landscape of the deduction and the new terms that come into play. An upcoming post will provide more guidance on grouping and splitting businesses and other aspects of this complicated but very important deduction. Stay tuned! Attend our webinar